BHU Institutional Repository :: Browsing by Author "Bajpai, Raina"

Browsing by Author "Bajpai, Raina"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Comparative expression analysis and characterization of the ethylene response factor in Cajanus cajan under the influence of Fusarium udum, NaCl and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Bajpai, Raina; Kumar, Gagan; Sarma, Birinchi Kumar
We evaluated expression pattern of 34 pathogen stress-responsive pigeonpea CcERF genes (out of total 148 CcERF genes) under the combined stress of Fusarium udum WSP-V2 and NaCl in two pigeonpea cultivars, Asha (F. udum resistant) and Bahar (F. udum susceptible) in presence or absence of a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC. Expression analysis of the 34 CcERF genes in the pigeonpea cultivars revealed preferential transcript accumulation patterns of the CcERF genes in different treatments. Most of the CcERF genes responded well to individual stresses of WSP-V2 (32 CcERFs) and NaCl (30 CcERFs). Comparative assessment of the results from �Asha� and �Bahar� under pathogen stress indicates expression of three CcERF genes (CcERF5, CcERF9 and CcERF20) is important for resistance to F. udum WSP-V2. However, most of the genes that were up-regulated in the individual stresses of WSP-V2 and NaCl were down-regulated to the combined stresses, possibly due to cross-talk of the signaling pathways. Interestingly, application of P. fluorescens OKC up-regulated the expression of many CcERF genes which were down-regulated in the combined stress (WSP-V2 and NaCl). Considering the cumulative effects in both the OKC treated and non-treated plants in the two pigeonpea cultivars, CcERF14 is singled out as the most important dual responsive gene under the combined challenge of WSP-V2 and NaCl. Further, motif analysis of the CcERF genes resulted in identification of nine new motifs. Additionally, it was observed that motif (D/E) (V/I) (Q/R) XX(A/T) is conserved in CcERF5, QMI(E/D) Ell in CcERF9 and motifs RVWLGTFDTAEEAARAYDRAALAL and RGSKARLNFPE in CcERF9, CcERF20 and CcERF14. � 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Detection and Diagnosis of Important Soil-Borne Diseases: An Overview
(Springer, 2022) Rashid, Md Mahtab; Kumar, Gagan; Belbase, Saroj; Paudel, Jiwan; Teli, Basavraj; Bajpai, Raina; Yadav, Dhuni Lal; Satnami, Lovkush; Bhutia, Dawa Dolma; Kumar, Shrvan; Sarkar, Ankita
Soil borne pathogens are major group of phytopathogen causing numerous soil-borne diseases. Due to their persistent behaviour, huge losses in yield have been reported. Thus, to build an effective and precise management approach, these soil-borne diseases must be detected early, quickly, and accurately. The most common methods for identifying plant diseases in the past were basically based on morphological approaches and such approaches are highly time-consuming and lab or intensive. Molecular detection techniques could address these issues with greater precision and dependability. Collection of information regarding pathogen presence through molecular approach assist in taking timely decisions for early-stage treatments and pre-plant evaluation of the fields. Nowadays, polymerase chain reaction along with high-throughput sequencing methods provides a best window to check the soil health status, in which specific conserved region present in the microbes (16s and ITS) are amplified and sequenced. However, the effect of environmental condition on dynamics of phytopathogens could be exploited to develop prediction model, which allow anticipating the attack of soil borne pathogen prior to disease establishment. � The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Inter-Genera Colonization of Ocimum tenuiflorum Endophytes in Tomato and Their Complementary Effects on Na+/K+ Balance, Oxidative Stress Regulation, and Root Architecture Under Elevated Soil Salinity
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Sahu, Pramod K.; Singh, Shailendra; Singh, Udai B.; Chakdar, Hillol; Sharma, Pawan K.; Sarma, Birinchi K.; Teli, Basavaraj; Bajpai, Raina; Bhowmik, Arpan; Singh, Harsh V.; Saxena, Anil K.
Endophytic bacilli of ethano-botanical plant Ocimum tenuiflorum were screened for salt stress-alleviating traits in tomato. Four promising O. tenuiflorum endophytes (Bacillus safensis BTL5, Bacillus haynesii GTR8, Bacillus paralicheniformis GTR11, and Bacillus altitudinis GTS16) were used in this study. Confocal scanning laser microscopic studies revealed the inter-genera colonization of O. tenuiflorum endophytes in tomato plants, giving insights for widening the applicability of potential endophytes to other crops. Furthermore, in a pot trial under 150 mM NaCl concentration, the inoculated endophytes contributed in reducing salt toxicity and improving recovery from salt-induced oxidative stress by different mechanisms. Reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) (sub-cellular H2O2 and superoxide) accumulation was observed besides lowering programmed cell death and increasing chlorophyll content. Endophyte inoculation supplemented the plant antioxidant enzyme system via the modulation of enzymatic antioxidants, viz., peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, apart from increasing proline and total phenolics. Antioxidants like proline have dual roles of antioxidants and osmoregulation, which might also have contributed to improved water relation under elevated salinity. Root architecture, viz., root length, projection area, surface area, average diameter, tips, forks, crossings, and the number of links, was improved upon inoculation, indicating healthy root growth and enhanced nutrient flow and water homeostasis. Regulation of Na+/K+ balance and water homeostasis in the plants were also evident from the modulation in the expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes, viz., LKT1, NHX1, SOS1, LePIP2, SlERF16, and SlWRKY39. Shoot tissues staining with light-excitable Na+ indicator Sodium GreenTM Tetra (tetramethylammonium) salt showed low sodium transport and accumulation in endophyte-inoculated plants. All four endophytes exhibited different mechanisms for stress alleviation and indicated complementary effects on plant growth. Furthermore, this could be harnessed in the form of a consortium for salt stress alleviation. The present study established inter-genera colonization of O. tenuiflorum endophytes in tomato and revealed its potential in maintaining Na+/K+ balance, reducing ROS, and improving root architecture under elevated salinity. � Copyright � 2021 Sahu, Singh, Singh, Chakdar, Sharma, Sarma, Teli, Bajpai, Bhowmik, Singh and Saxena.
Manoeuvring Soil Microbiome and Their Interactions: A Resilient Technology for Conserving Soil and Plant Health
(Springer Singapore, 2021) Rashid, Md. Mahtab; Akhtar, Nishar; Teli, Basavaraj; Bajpai, Raina; Vaishnav, Anukool
The soil microbial community hugely affects the growth and development of the plants through direct or indirect interactions. The rhizospheric microbial community dwelling in the soil are major drivers of this phenomenon. Manipulation of soil microbial population and community through various treatments of an array of beneficial microbes such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, plant growth-promoting fungi, endophytic bacteria, biocontrol agents, etc. helps in alleviating various abiotic and biotic stresses of the plants. This, in turn, leads to the achievement of the yield which is close to the potential yield of the crop. Apart from increasing the yield of the crop, some of the beneficial microbes also enhance the nutrient content in the soil and availability of certain minerals to the plants eventually leading to conservation of soil health. Thus, manipulation of plant�soil microbiome paves the way for sustainable and green agriculture without imparting excessive monetary expenses, thereby creating increased crop production and embellishment of soil health. This chapter will so focus on the strategies and methods that are adopted to manipulate the plant�soil microbiome interactions, various mechanisms that are involved in the interactions, and the impact of this technology on the plant and soil. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
Metatranscriptomics: A Recent Advancement to Explore and Understand Rhizosphere
(Springer Singapore, 2021) Bajpai, Raina; Meher, Jhumishree; Rashid, Md Mahtab; Lingayat, Devyani
In this terrestrial ecosystem, plant is the major creator. With the help of composite root system, they use soil resources. Here the role of rhizosphere comes into consideration which keeps intact the varied microbial communities which eventually affects biogeochemical cycling, plant health and nutrition. But the minutes of mechanisms of plant�microbe interaction is still not explored properly. Thus, it is required to advance new experimental approach adapted to these microorganisms to unveil functional diversity of microbes and the actions they perform in situ in the soil because of various ecological limitations. One of the recent approaches developed for microorganisms is metatranscriptomics. It helps in characterization of genome in community and also explores gene expression patterns. This approach is thus helpful to develop another comprehension on the components that administer plant�organism communications in the rhizosphere. This chapter comprises review on different metatranscriptomics approaches to explore microbial community transcriptomes. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
Novel Metabolites from Endophytes: Potential Applications
(CRC Press, 2022) Meher, Jhumishree; Bajpai, Raina; Rashid, Mahtab; Teli, Basavaraj; Sarma, Birinchi Kumar
In the natural ecosystem, various species of microbiota (bacteria, fungi) interacts with the plants as an endophyte, either by colonizing inside the plant cell or by residing in the intracellular spaces of the leaf cells. Hence, there is a need to understand the concept of �plant microbiome� as this multidimensional interaction affects the vital processes in plants; promotes plant growth, increases the nutrient absorption rate and also boosts the plant immune system against diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. This is a two-way interaction, that is, the host factors (chemoattractants) also influence the niches of endophytes and thereby both the partners get benefitted from this mutualistic relationship. For a thorough analysis of the endophytic population in terms of phylogeny, taxonomy, and the genetics of metabolite production, the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is an ultimate reliable and most frequently used technique. The endophytic bacteria, as well as the fungi, are extensively studied as they synthesize several novel bioactive compounds, which are reported to have an antagonistic effect on many human, animal, and plant pathogens. In the current chapter, we will also explore some commercially used endophytes in agriculture that are very advantageous either in terms of boosting plant health or for biocontrol activities. � 2023 selection and editorial matter, Gustavo Molina, Zeba Usmani, Minaxi Sharma, Abdelaziz Yasri, Vijai Kumar Gupta; individual chapters, the contributors.
PGPR formulations and application in the management of pulse crop health
(Elsevier, 2021) Patel, Jai Singh; Kumar, Gagan; Bajpai, Raina; Teli, Basavaraj; Rashid, Mahtab; Sarma, Birinchi Kumar
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known for enhancing crop productivity as well as plant protection. The application of PGPR can decrease the requirement of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and therefore is considered vital for promoting sustainable agriculture. A number of researchers are working to develop formulations to increase the shelf life of PGPR so that they can be used for a longer time period. Scientists are also working to develop consortia formulations comprising multiple PGPR strains in a single formulation. Researchers have also used fungal and bacterial strains together in one formulation. Several techniques were adopted to increase the shelf life of the PGPRs in formulations such as inhibition of bacterial metabolism, slowdown of energy consuming processes of bacteria, etc. However, it is still required to develop formulations that increase the shelf life of the bioinoculant bacteria. This chapter deals in detail with PGPR formulations used for promoting growth and development of pulse crops and the mechanisms of formulation matrixes that provide a suitable environment for sustaining the life of PGPR even after prolonged storage. � 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Techniques used to detect the presence of nanoparticles in treated plant tissues
(Elsevier, 2022) Bajpai, Raina; Rai, Nidhi; Teli, Basavaraj; Rashid, Md. Mahtab; Singh, Shivam; Kumar, Gagan
Nanotechnology is a miracle tool of modern science which covers almost every aspect of human needs from medicines, cosmetics, electronics, energy applications, environmental remediation and many more. It�s another potential is in sector of agriculture where it suggests to be one of the best substitutes of chemical pesticides. In the recent past, nanotechnology application in phytopathology like utilization of nanoparticles singly as nanoparticles, as protectants. Nanoparticles (NPs) are categorized due to their minute dimension, i.e.,
Transcriptional Regulation and Characterization of Fusarium udum Responsive NBS-LRR Genes in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.
(Springer, 2023) Bajpai, Raina; Sarkar, Ankita; Sarma, Birinchi Kumar
We identified 41 pathogen responsive CcNBS-LRR genes which belonged to two major groups of NBS-LRR genes, i.e., TIR-NBS-LRR (6) and NON-TIR-NBS-LRR (35). Gene structures, motifs, cis-acting elements, and chromosomal distributions of these pathogen responsive CcNBS-LRRs were analyzed. Further, transcriptional regulation of 41 biotic stress responsive CcNBS-LRRs was recorded against Fusarium udum in a wilt resistant and a susceptible cultivar. 39 and 37 genes were differentially up-regulated in the resistant and susceptible cultivar, respectively. Two genes Cc143 and Cc150 were upregulated at all sampling periods in the resistant cultivar, whereas, in the susceptible cultivar four genes (Cc127, Cc129, Cc219, and Cc87) were constantly down-regulated and a single gene Cc255 was up-regulated at all sampling periods. The resistant cultivar also displayed rapid up-regulation (within 6�h) of the genes against F. udum. CcNBS 125, CcNBS 244, CcNBS 22, CcNBS 136, and CcNBS 143 were identified as major genes in the resistant cultivar as their relative gene expression increased by 33 folds (6�h), 31 folds (24�h), 27 folds (48�h), 25 folds (6�h), and 25(48�h) folds change, respectively, in comparison to the control. Similarly in the susceptible cultivar CcNBS 255, CcNBS 161, and CcNBS 143 were considered major gene as their relative gene expression enhanced 12 folds, 11 folds, and 11 folds, respectively, at 72�h post-inoculation. The study provided fundamental insight into the role of biotic stress responsive CcNBS-LRRs in defense responses against the wilt pathogen F. udum. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Browsing by Author "Bajpai, Raina"

Results Per Page

Sort Options