BHU Institutional Repository :: Browsing by Author "Basu, Somprakas"

Browsing by Author "Basu, Somprakas"

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An appraisal of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): the dynamic molecule of wound healing and its current clinical applications
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Goswami, Aakansha Giri; Basu, Somprakas; Huda, Farhanul; Pant, Jayanti; Ghosh Kar, Amrita; Banerjee, Tuhina; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
Angiogenesis is a critical step of wound healing, and its failure leads to chronic wounds. The idea of restoring blood flow to the damaged tissues by promoting neo-angiogenesis is lucrative and has been researched extensively. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key dynamic molecule of angiogenesis has been investigated for its functions. In this review, we aim to appraise its biology, the comprehensive role of this dynamic molecule in the wound healing process, and how this knowledge has been translated in clinical application in various types of wounds. Although, most laboratory research on the use of VEGF is promising, its clinical applications have not met great expectations. We discuss various lacunae that might exist in making its clinical application unsuccessful for commercial use, and provide insight to the foundation for future research. � 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Biofilm and wound healing: from bench to bedside
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2023) Goswami, Aakansha Giri; Basu, Somprakas; Banerjee, Tuhina; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
The bubbling community of microorganisms, consisting of diverse colonies encased in a self-produced protective matrix and playing an essential role in the persistence of infection and antimicrobial resistance, is often referred to as a biofilm. Although apparently indolent, the biofilm involves not only inanimate surfaces but also living tissue, making it truly ubiquitous. The mechanism of biofilm formation, its growth, and the development of resistance are ever-intriguing subjects and are yet to be completely deciphered. Although an abundance of studies in recent years has focused on the various ways to create potential anti-biofilm and antimicrobial therapeutics, a dearth of a clear standard of clinical practice remains, and therefore, there is essentially a need for translating laboratory research to novel bedside anti-biofilm strategies that can provide a better clinical outcome. Of significance, biofilm is responsible for faulty wound healing and wound chronicity. The experimental studies report the prevalence of biofilm in chronic wounds anywhere between 20 and 100%, which makes it a topic of significant concern in wound healing. The ongoing scientific endeavor to comprehensively understand the mechanism of biofilm interaction with wounds and generate standardized anti-biofilm measures which are reproducible in the clinical setting is the challenge of the hour. In this context of �more needs to be done�, we aim to explore various effective and clinically meaningful methods currently available for biofilm management and how these tools can be translated into safe clinical practice. � 2023, The Author(s).
Emergence of Unusual Microorganisms in Microflora of Pilonidal Sinuses: A Multiple Case Series
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2023) Banerjee, Tuhina; Singh, Aradhana; Anurag; Pal, Sourav; Basu, Somprakas
PURPOSE: Recent reports have noted an emergence of unusual organisms in microflora of pilonidal sinus (PNS); this study was undertaken to identify the primary microbial flora associated with infected primary PNS over a period of 1 year. DESIGN: A prospective multiple case series. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: A case series of 20 patients with primary PNS in a tertiary care center in Varanasi, India, was studied. The study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology and General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, over a period of 1 year (September 2016 to July 2017). METHODS: Purulent exudate (pus) samples were collected from 20 patients with primary PNS from the discharging sinuses by aseptic methods. Samples were assessed for aerobic and anaerobic flora by conventional culture and molecular methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done for bacterial isolates. Bacterial diversity was compared with the demographic and clinical profile of the sinuses by multiple correspondence analysis. RESULTS: Of the total cases, 11 (55%) had purulent discharge, among which all showed polymicrobial flora. The ratio of aerobic to anaerobic organisms was 1:2 (16/32). Escherichia coli (E. coli, 4, 36.36%) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis, 4, 36.36%) were commonly isolated. Bifidobacterium was the most frequent anaerobe. Detailed molecular analysis revealed the presence of Kocuria flava as an unusual pathogen. On statistical analysis, factors like male gender, increased body mass index, absence of hair in sinus, presence of features of hirsutism, and absence of Fusobacteria were closely associated with one another in these PNS cases. CONCLUSIONS: The case series revealed the predominance of anaerobes in primarily infected PNS cases. Bifidobacterium spp and unusual pathogens like K. flava were among the emerging pathogens in infected PNS. Use of better molecular diagnostic facilities in addition to the conventional methods might enhance the verified diversity of microorganisms in such cases. � 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
�Hurricane-like� Presentation of a Recurrent Marjolin's Ulcer in a Young Female
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2023) Goswami, Aakansha G.; Basu, Somprakas; Shukla, Vijay K.
Marjolin�s ulcer (MU) with rapid progression and multiple distant metastases is rare. We report a case of an MU of the thigh developing in a postburn scar, which after successful R0 resection developed multiple bony and visceral metastasis to femur, vertebra, skull, lung, and liver within 3 months of excision. We highlight the �hurricane-like� recurrence in an MU, which is unusual for the metachronous disease. We stress that MUs, unlike conventional wisdom, need a thorough metastatic workup at presentation, and prognostication of a possible rapidly progressive course after surgery which may lead to grave prognosis and mortality. � The Author(s) 2021.
Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: What We Learned in the Last Two Decades and the Future Perspectives
(Springer, 2023) Srivastava, Vivek; Goswami, Aakansha Giri; Basu, Somprakas; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
The advancement in surgical techniques, optimization of systemic chemoradiotherapy, and development of refined diagnostic and imaging modalities have brought a phenomenal shift in the treatment of the locally advanced rectal cancer. Although each therapeutic option has shown substantial progress in their field, it is finding their ideal amalgamation which has baffled the clinician and researchers alike. In the effort to identifying the perfect salutary treatment plan, we have even shifted our attention from the trimodal approach to non-operative �watchful waiting� to more recent individualized care. In this article, we acknowledge the scientific progress in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer and compare the opportunities as well as the obstacles while implementing them clinically. We also explore the current challenges and controversies surrounding the multidisciplinary approach and highlight the new trends and recent advances with an ultimate goal to improve the patients� quality of life. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Pain in Chronic Wounds: Mechanism and Management
(Springer International Publishing, 2023) Goswami, Aakansha Giri; Talawar, Praveen; Basu, Somprakas; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
Pain management in wound care is often underestimated as it could have a ruinous effect on patients� wound healing as well as the quality of life in general. Pain from wounds is multidimensional, and it is the patient�s physiological and psychosocial environments that influence excruciating experiences. Since the origin and cause of pain differ in different wounds, accurate assessment, and application of individualized strategies are key for comprehensive and effective pain management. This chapter aims to provide a scientific guide to pain management in chronic wounds while simultaneously acknowledging the fact that every patient should have an individualized treatment plan, concurrently emphasizing the need to ensure comprehensive patient as well as pain evaluation with an ultimate goal to improve wound healing outcomes and emotional well-being in patients enduring chronic wounds. � The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
Poor Glycemic Control Is Associated With Lower Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Levels and Low Macrophage Viability in Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs)
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2023) Banerjee, Tuhina; Rai, Shailendra; Singh, Aradhana; Goswami, Aakansha Giri; Ansari, Mumtaz Ahmed; Pratap, Arvind; Basu, Somprakas; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
Low macrophage viability in chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) may lead to inadequate interleukin (IL) expression and the persistence of infection. This study evaluates the association between macrophage function, IL-2 expression, and wound microflora in chronic DFUs. Diabetic patients with DFUs (group 1, n = 40) and without DFUs (group 2, n = 40) were compared for macrophage function in serum by viability testing. Immunological response was measured by serum IL-1?, IL-2?, and IL-10 levels. The aerobic and anaerobic microflora of the DFUs were assessed by culture and molecular methods. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical factors were statistically analyzed by ?2 test and Student t test. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to detect the pattern of association between glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c), serum IL-2 levels, and macrophage viability. Of the total DFU cases, 22 (55%) showed the presence of polymicrobial microflora. Low macrophage viability with predominant Gram-negative flora was seen in 10 (25%) cases in group 1. Serum IL-2 levels were significantly lower (P =.004) in patients in group 1 along with elevated levels of hemoglobin A1c (P =.038). MCA showed an association between low viability of macrophages and lower IL-2 levels and elevated hemoglobin A1c levels with lower serum IL-2 levels. As compared to group 2, the low viability of macrophages was significantly associated (P =.007) with lower IL-2 levels in group 1. Elevated hemoglobin A1c levels are strongly associated with lower IL-2 levels and low macrophage viability. This might be a contributing factor to the persistence of infections in chronic DFUs. � The Author(s) 2023.
Significant presence of biofilm-producing gut-derived bacteria in anal fistula of chronic duration
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021) Jaiswal, Prakhar; Sharma, Swati; Pratap, Arvind; Ansari, Mumtaz; Shukla, Vijay K; Basu, Somprakas; Banerjee, Tuhina
Fistula-in-ano though not a life-threatening condition, yet its symptoms often significantly impact patients' social, intimate, and work lives. There is an established role of bacterial microflora in acute infections. However, we proposed that biofilm-forming organisms might be present in the microflora of anal fistula of prolonged duration. This aspect has rarely been studied earlier. Therefore, the study describes the microbiology of anal fistula and the biofilm-forming capacity of the isolated organisms. A total of 30 patients were included in the study as per the criteria. Anal fistula tissue sample, tissue fluid, and blood samples were collected from each individual. The collected specimens were detected for the presence of aerobic and anaerobic microflora through standard microbiological method and polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the role of biofilm formation by microtitre plate assay and serum matrix metalloproteinases-9 was also studied. The result showed significant predominance of gut-derived microflora with high-to-moderate biofilm-producing ability in anal fistulas of prolonged duration. The study emphasises the presence of biofilm-forming bacteria in chronic, non-healing fistula. � 2021 The Authors. International Wound Journal published by Medicalhelplines.com Inc (3M) and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Wandering Spleen and Acute Gastric Volvulus in an Elderly Woman with Acute Abdomen: A Case Report
(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2023) Basu, Somprakas; Pratap, Arvind; Bhartiya, Satyanam Kumar; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
Gastric volvulus is an uncommon clinical condition with the potentially life-threatening complication of acute gastric necrosis. A wandering spleen may also be associated with gastric volvulus and can produce a diagnostic dilemma as the cause of an acute abdomen. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with acute abdominal symptoms. She did not have the classical Borchardt triad to diagnose gastric volvulus and had a coexisting wandering spleen. Although torsion and ischemia of the wandering spleen were initially thought to be the cause of acute abdomen, a subsequent contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) scan confirmed a coexistent mesenteric-axial gastric volvulus with gangrenous changes. We present this case to highlight a rare combination of pathologies, either of which can confuse the diagnosis or cause a delay in management. Early diagnosis with CECT is emphasized, and segmental resection is feasible when the rest of the viscus can be preserved. � 2023 Basu et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited.
Wound Healing in the Golden Agers: What We Know and the Possible Way Ahead
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2022) Goswami, Aakansha Giri; Basu, Somprakas; Shukla, Vijay Kumar
While �population aging� is an accomplishment that deserves acclamation, it is in itself a tremendous challenge. Age-related skin changes, impaired wound healing, and concurrent comorbidities are the deadly triad that contribute most to the development of nonhealing chronic wounds in the elderly. This imposes enormous medical, social, and financial burden. With the rising trend in the aging population, this problem is likely to exacerbate unless multidisciplinary, rapt wound care strategies are developed. The last decade was dedicated to understand the basic biology underlying the wound healing process but most in vitro and animal model studies translated poorly to human conditions. Forthcoming, the focus is on the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve healing in this vulnerable age group. Further, understanding the complex pathobiology of cellular senescence and wound healing process is required to develop focused therapy for these �problem wounds� in the elderly. � The Author(s) 2021.

Browsing by Author "Basu, Somprakas"

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