BHU Institutional Repository :: Browsing by Author "Chand, Subhash"

Browsing by Author "Chand, Subhash"

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Crucial Cell Signaling Compounds Crosstalk and Integrative Multi-Omics Techniques for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Singhal, Rajesh K.; Saha, Debanjana; Skalicky, Milan; Mishra, Udit N.; Chauhan, Jyoti; Behera, Laxmi P.; Lenka, Devidutta; Chand, Subhash; Kumar, Vivek; Dey, Prajjal; Indu; Pandey, Saurabh; Vachova, Pavla; Gupta, Aayushi; Brestic, Marian; El Sabagh, Ayman
In the era of rapid climate change, abiotic stresses are the primary cause for yield gap in major agricultural crops. Among them, salinity is considered a calamitous stress due to its global distribution and consequences. Salinity affects plant processes and growth by imposing osmotic stress and destroys ionic and redox signaling. It also affects phytohormone homeostasis, which leads to oxidative stress and eventually imbalances metabolic activity. In this situation, signaling compound crosstalk such as gasotransmitters [nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), calcium (Ca), reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and plant growth regulators (auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid) have a decisive role in regulating plant stress signaling and administer unfavorable circumstances including salinity stress. Moreover, recent significant progress in omics techniques (transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have helped to reinforce the deep understanding of molecular insight in multiple stress tolerance. Currently, there is very little information on gasotransmitters and plant growth regulator crosstalk and inadequacy of information regarding the integration of multi-omics technology during salinity stress. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the crucial cell signaling crosstalk mechanisms and integrative multi-omics techniques to provide a more direct approach for salinity stress tolerance. To address the above-mentioned words, this review covers the common mechanisms of signaling compounds and role of different signaling crosstalk under salinity stress tolerance. Thereafter, we mention the integration of different omics technology and compile recent information with respect to salinity stress tolerance. � Copyright � 2021 Singhal, Saha, Skalicky, Mishra, Chauhan, Behera, Lenka, Chand, Kumar, Dey, Indu, Pandey, Vachova, Gupta, Brestic and El Sabagh.
Molecular advances in plant root system architecture response and redesigning for improved performance under unfavorable environments
(Elsevier, 2021) Indu; Lal, Dalpat; Dadrwal, Basant Kumar; Saha, Debanjana; Chand, Subhash; Chauhan, Jyoti; Dey, Prajjal; Kumar, Vivek; Mishra, Udit Nandan; Hidangmayum, Akash; Singh, Ankita; Singhal, Rajesh Kumar
A future challenge in crop improvement, mostly driven by global unfavorable environment variables, is to develop climate smart crops that are competent for multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Researchers have addressed the elementary mechanism focused on aboveground plant organs, as extensive study on root traits are very confined. Moreover, most of our knowledge regarding root research is limited to certain developmental aspects, while a direct connectivity to developing environment sensitive roots under various stresses is extremely urgent to explore thoroughly. Therefore this chapter covers the most recent research on the root system architecture (RSA) of different crop species with regard to different extreme environmental variables such as high temperature, elevated CO2, low temperature, drought, excess water, and stressed soil. We highlight the recent physiological, genetic, and molecular strategies used in the rapid advancement of RSA traits under these stresses. There is an urgent need to explore RSA in order to improve crop stress tolerance, therefore we discuss and explore the link between RSA and stress tolerance. Further, this chapter will provide new insights into the relevance of the redesign and selection of improved RSA for the development of climate resilient plants. We conclude by discussing the functional and molecular evidence of RSA components such as deep root weight, root length density, root volume, root penetration, and other root traits for improving root plasticity in a fluctuating environment, which will help the researchers to select RSA pipelines for abiotic stress resilience and crop improvement programs. � 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Molecular techniques and mutation breeding approaches to genetically enrich the Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021) Chandra, Kailash; Saritha, H.S.; Rashmi, K.; Teli, S. Basavaraj; Chand, Subhash; Kumawat, Gayatri; Khatik, Champa Lal; Sharma, Rohit
Barley, scientifically known as Hordeum vulgare L. is the world�s one of the preponderance ancient crop which brought under human cultivation. Its importance can be assessed by the fact that the Sumerians and the Babylonians used grains of barley as currency during the ancient era. It is unavoidable in brewing and malting. Apart from this, barley is also known for its numerous medical properties since it has beta-glucans which is having the capability to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. To meet the demand of an ever-increasing population, barley production can be increased by adopting the high-yielding and climatic resilient varieties. Recently, a major emphasis in the breeding program has been given to the development of improved genotypes with the help of modern technologies to combat climate change, which has a great impact on yield reduction. Thus, to enhance and sustain barley production in the country, the development of genotypes against all cancerous factors is a prerequisite. Nonetheless, a plant breeder faces constraints in developing high-yielding varieties due to a lack of precise information about inheritance patterns and difficulties in selecting parents and further crosses. There is an urgent need to understand the perplexing information of various factors influencing barley yield potential. At the onset, vistas about barley genetic improvement were limited to conventional approaches. However, in the present era it extends to molecular approaches, and the future will be having a platform of advanced research for its improvement. Therefore, this chapter will provide information about the molecular approaches and mutation breeding in barley. � 2021 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Nanopriming in sustainable agriculture: recent advances, emerging challenges and future prospective
(Elsevier, 2022) Kumar, Basant; Indu; Singhal, Rajesh Kumar; Chand, Subhash; Chauhan, Jyoti; Kumar, Vivek; Mishra, Udit Nandan; Hidangmayum, Akash; Singh, Ankita; Bose, Bandana
Diversified anthropogenic activities including intense farming (farm mechanization, high dose of fertilizer, and agrochemicals) increase the productivity and production of the agriculture sector. However, it alters the quantity and grain quality of agricultural products and also dwindles the soil and environment sustainability. Therefore, it is imperative necessity to explore novel, emerging, highly efficient, and ecofriendly approaches, which can provide a balanced diet to the next generation. In this context, nanotechnology in the agriculture sector is moving towards achieving the goal of future sustainability. Seed priming with nanochemicals or green chemicals such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represents one of the emerging, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly approaches to enhance the crop production with the use of minimum inputs and higher utilization of primary resources (light, water, and nutrients) under adverse climatic and soil conditions. The nanopriming [seed treatment with nanoparticles (NPs) before sowing] with green chemicals such as chitosan, micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu), and inorganic and organic compounds (PGPR hormones) has shown dynamic and excellent results during seed germination, vegetative phase, reproductive phase and in grain quality attributes. This approach is very efficient in improving nutrient use efficiency (via enhancing nutrient absorption, transport, and partitioning to reproductive parts), water use efficiency (via enhanced water uptake and utilization), assimilated partitioning, and other resource use efficiencies, which reduces the extra load of fertilizers, pesticides, and other agrochemicals used in the cultivation of crops. Moreover, nanopriming improves the plant antioxidant defense via improving stress genes and proteins, antioxidant chemicals, and signaling compounds, which ultimately reduce the energy load of the crop during adverse situations. To realize the importance of nanopriming, this chapter explores the recent advances and achievements made under unfavorable situations, future challenges, and prospects to improve the depth of knowledge regarding NP mechanism�s to accomplish the central goal of sustainability for farmers, scientific communities, and our future generation. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Organic seed production and certification with special reference to Rajasthan
(Elsevier, 2021) Chandra, Kailash; Chand, Subhash; Khatik, C.L.; Jatav, H.S.; Kumar, Santosh; Pandey, A.K.; Sandhya; Mahla, Subhash; Omprakash; Khan, M.A.; Meena, Ramu; Kumar, Sunil; Singhal, Rajesh; Kumawat, Gaytri
Organic seed production is need of present scenario, where every person is concern with quality food. The most compelling reason of using organically produced product is, it has less chemical impact on environment. Ensuring quality of organically produced seed is also important criteria where legal standards are checked and certificate of quality provided through various process. In order to understand all the process or organic seed, its production and certification we need to learn about organic seed, its importance, national standards for organic seed production, seed production plans, factors influencing it and many other aspects related to organic seed production. Breeding strategy for organic seed production is an important criterion to breed variety which suits in an eco-friendly cultivation of crops. In India, many farmers produce seed organically however lack of legal certification for their produce make it unable to catch the price as certified organic seed fetch. It is an important issue that everyone involved in organic seed production must know what, how and where they can get and use the input materials for this type of seed production for sustainability. Therefore this chapter include all the materials which are allowed, restricted and prohibited to use for organic seed production and certification. Key challenges and suggested organic farming practices have also been explained which will be helpful for scientific community who are approaching toward eco-friendly agriculture. Special reference has been given to Rajasthan, where from applying for organic seed product to obtain their certificate has been illustrated. � 2021 Elsevier Inc.
Plant Phenolics: A Dynamic Compound Family Under Unfavorable Environment and Multiple Abiotic Stresses
(Springer Nature, 2023) Chauhan, Jyoti; Kumar, Vivek; Kumar, Basant; Indu; Chand, Subhash; Anuragi, Hirdayesh; Patel, Richa; Singhal, Rajesh Kumar
Expeditious progress ie and tolerance mechanism by PCs under these circumstances. � Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Plant-Environment Interaction in Developing Crop Species Resilient to Climate Change
(Apple Academic Press, 2022) Chand, Subhash; Indu, B.; Chauhan, Jyoti; Kumar, Basant; Kumar, Vivek; Dey, Prjjal; Mishra, Udit Nandan; Sahu, Chandrasekhar; Singhal, Rajesh Kumar
Plants are sessile in nature and phenotypic developmental plasticity has an important role in plant-environment interactions under fluctuating climatic situations. Plants are very sensitive to these circumstances and endeavor to acclimatize or adapt via modulating their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. In this aspect, the development of climate-resilient crops is essential to accelerate production and meet global food security. These goals can be achieved by the application of high-throughput phenotyping, molecular breeding, and new advance biotechnological approaches, which will hasten the breeding cycle of a crop plant. Recent researches suggested that high-throughput phenotyping, micro-RNA-mediated developmental plasticity, phytohormones signaling, circadian clock, the molecular basis of eco-evolutionary phenological diversified functional traits, prediction of genotypic � environment interactions through next-generation sequencing and molecular markers, growth and development modeling, bioinformatics and omics approaches accelerates can be useful for deep understanding of plant-environment interaction. Therefore, considering before mentioned this chapter elaborates on crucial mechanisms (plant physiological, biochemical, genetical, molecular, and evolutionary) for further understanding of plant- environment interactions and developing climate resilient and smart crop varieties under extreme climatic events. � 2022 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Roles of Nitric Oxide in Conferring Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants and Crosstalk with Other Plant Growth Regulators
(Springer, 2021) Singhal, Rajesh Kumar; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Aftab, Tariq; Pandey, Saurabh; Mishra, Udit Nandan; Chauhan, Jyoti; Chand, Subhash; Indu; Saha, Debanjana; Dadarwal, Basant Kumar; Chandra, Kailash; Khan, Mudasser Ahmed; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Minkina, Tatiana; Narayana, Eetela Sathya; Sharma, Manoj Kumar; Ahmed, Shahid
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free-radical gasotransmitter signaling molecule associated with a varied spectrum of signal transduction pathways linked to inducing cross-adaptation against abiotic stresses. It has crucial roles from seed germination to plant maturity, depending upon its cellular concentration. The functional cross-talk of NO among different stress signaling cascades leads to alteration in the expression of developmental genes that regulate biosynthesis and function of plant growth regulators (PGRs). NO-PGRs and secondary signaling compounds cross-talk trigger reprogramming of stress-responsive gene expressions, transcriptional gene modulations, redox regulating machinery, oxidative metabolisms, and multiple regulatory pathways under plant abiotic stress. Recent findings suggest NO as critical components of numerous plant signaling network that interplays with auxin, gibberellins (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), jasmonic acid (JA), brassinosteroids (BRs), H2O2, melatonin, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), salicylic acid (SA), and other PGRs to modulate growth and development under multiple stresses. Considering the importance of NO signaling crosstalk under stress adaptation, in this review, we point out the biosynthesis and metabolism of NO and its crosstalk with numerous other signaling compounds. Further, recent cellular and molecular advances in NO signaling cross-talk under abiotic stress adaptations also have been discussed. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Browsing by Author "Chand, Subhash"

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