Browsing by Author "Krishnan, Aswathi"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Effects of curcumin on oral cancer at molecular level: A systematic review
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Singh, Akhilesh Kumar; Sharma, Naresh Kumar; Mishra, Nitesh; Mahajan, Arjun; Krishnan, Aswathi; Rajpoot, Ravina; Kumar, Janani Anand; Pandey, Arun
    This systematic review mainly focuses on the effects of curcumin on oral cancer cells at the molecular level and summarizes the results of the studies. We searched and analyzed various databases such as Pub Med, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus. Searches were conducted from 2006 to 2021. This systematic review evaluated various effects of curcumin on oral cancer at the molecular level. All the studies related to the effects of curcumin on oral cancer, both in?vivo and in?vitro, were included. After abstract and text screening a total of 13 articles were finally selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All most all the included studies reported that after treating the cell lines with curcumin there is a reduction in cell proliferation and cell growth, analyzed using MTT (3?(4,5?dimethylthiazol?2?yl)?2,5?diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Curcumin also induces S phase cell cycle arrest and also prevents Tregs migration. The curcumin reverses the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) back to mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET). From this review, it is concluded that curcumin inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis, and induced apoptosis via modulating multiple signaling pathways in oral cancer cell lines. But further clinical trials are needed for a detailed evaluation of the effects of curcumin on patients with oral cancer. � 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
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    Efficacy of arthrocentesis with intra?articular injection of hyaluronic acid and corticosteroid in the treatment of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Dhiman, Neeraj K.; Jaiswara, Chandresh; Hirani, Mehul S.; Chauhan, Nishtha; Mahajan, Arjun D.; Krishnan, Aswathi
    Introduction: Various techniques have been used to treat internal temporomandibular joint derangements (TMJ ID), with arthrocentesis one of the most successful in reducing symptoms and promoting function. In cases of TMJ ID, this research study compares and evaluates the efficacy of arthrocentesis with injections of corticosteroids (CS) or hyaluronic acid (HA). Methods: This prospective randomized, non?blinded study involving 91 patients with symptoms of TMJ ID treated by arthrocentesis followed by intra articular injection of 1 ml of either corticosteroid (group A) or HA (group B) . Maximum mouth opening, lateral excursive movements, TMJ pain at rest and during function, masticatory efficiency, pre?treatment functional TMJ limitation and subjective judgment of efficacy of treatment were assessed with millimeter scale. All the parameters measured before the procedure and further followed at 1st week, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month post?procedure. Results: Maximum mouth opening post procedure improved significantly in Group B at follow up visits (P < 0.05). Subjects in group B showed significant reduction in pain at rest (P = 0.001) at 1 week and 1 month follow up & increased masticatory efficiency at 6 months (P = 0.042) as compared to that of group A subjects. Conclusion: Injection of HA post?TMJ arthrocentesis is found be comparatively more effective method of treating TMD IDs with resultant decrease in pain & improved functionality of the jaw. TMJ arthrocentesis along with injection of HA could serve as a possible alternative to treat chronic TMJ pain sufferers who are unresponsive to conservative medical therapies. � 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
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    Oral Manifestations of Malignant Immunoglobinopathy Hidden in Plain Sight - A Rare Case Report
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Sharma, Naresh Kumar; Singh, Akhilesh Kumar; Hirani, Mehul Shashikant; Krishnan, Aswathi; Mahajan, Arjun; Rajpoot, Ravina
    Rationale: Radiolucent lesions over the angle-body region of the mandible are frequently difficult to diagnose but crucial to provide patient-centred care. Patient Concerns: An elderly female presented with a painless slow-growing swelling over her left lower face for one year, radiographically appearing as a well-defined unilocular radiolucency over the left body of the mandible. Diagnosis: Aspiration was negative, and biopsy was inconclusive. Further imaging, bone marrow biopsy, immune profile and serum electrophoresis confirmed the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Treatment: She was referred to Medical Oncology for chemotherapy of lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone regimen cycle that was repeated every 21 days. Outcomes: There was no increase in swelling, and radiographically 'punched-out' lesions were reduced significantly. Take-Away Lessons: Maxillofacial clinicians should be attentive to the oral manifestations of underlying disease, have a high index of suspicion and start the treatment promptly to increase chances of a favourable outcome. � 2023 Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery.
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    Oral rhabdomyosarcoma of mandibular region: A case report
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Batra, Sakshi; Srivastava, Adit; Singh, Akhilesh K.; Krishnan, Aswathi
    ABSTRACT: Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal cells, showing varying degrees of striated muscle cell differentiation. The most common sites of occurrence are the head and neck (40%), genitourinary tract (25%), and extremities (20%). Rhabdomyosarcoma is anatomically divided into two categories including parameningeal and nonparameningeal. It predominantly occurs in children while rarely found in adults, and involvement of the oral cavity accounts for only 10%-20% of all head and neck cases. The present case is of oral rhabdomyosarcoma of a 27-year-old woman, involving the mandibular region and demonstrates its clinical, radiological, histological, and immunohistochemical findings. � 2023 National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery.
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    Primary tumour characteristics poorly correlate with extracapsular spread and cervical sublevel IIb metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and clinically N0 neck: A retrospective study
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2021) Singh, Akhilesh Kumar; Bera, Rathindra Nath; Anandkumar, Janani; Krishnan, Aswathi; Rajpoot, Ravina
    Introduction: Nodal metastasis reduces the survival by 50% in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas. The presence of nodal extension/extracapsular spread (ECS) further reduces survival. Current literature favors a selective level IIb sparing neck dissection in clinically N0 neck. Studies have evaluated the role of primary tumour size, number of lymph nodes, and depth of invasion (DOI) with the occurrence of extranodal extension (ENE). Patients and Methods: Patients were retrospectively reviewed who presented with oral cavity carcinomas and clinically N0 neck. Relationship was sought between tumour site, size, histological grading, DOI, and the occurrence of level IIb metastasis and ECS. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The relationship showed insignificant correlation with P values (0.6643, 0.6704, 0.6779, and 0.6779) between site, size, grading, DOI, and level IIb and ENE. Discussion: Previous studies have shown DOI >5 mm and lymph node size 15 mm and multiple lymph nodes predict ECS. DOI and primary site with more than 20% for occult metastasis predicts elective neck treatment. However, in our study, no correlation was found between primary tumour characteristics and ECS or level IIb metastasis. Elective neck dissection is the standard surgical protocol from both diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoints. The only criterion for level IIb dissection is concomitant presence of level IIa involvement intraoperatively. Since ENE can occur early in the disease process, elective neck dissection remains the standard of care. � 2022 Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.