BHU Institutional Repository :: Browsing by Author "Kumar, Vinay"

Browsing by Author "Kumar, Vinay"

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Comparative performance study of liquid core cylindrical Bragg fibre waveguide biosensors
(Springer, 2021) Chourasia, Nitesh K; Srivastava, Ankita; Kumar, Vinay; Chourasia, Ritesh Kumar
The performance study of various sensing parameters such as sensitivity, detection accuracy and quality parameter of liquid core Bragg fibre waveguide biosensor based on defect mode has been theoretically studied and compared with experimental findings of a similar structure without defect mode. The electromagnetic wave propagation in the present structure has been modelled using the transfer matrix method and Henkel formalism in cylindrical coordinates. The present multilayer structure can provide a band gap between 617 and 929�nm wavelength range at angle of incidence ?= 70 ?. Due to the presence of a defect layer, a defect mode at 690 nm wavelength is observed in this band-gap region. This defect mode can be treated as a sensing signal in the present study. It is observed that the obtained sensitivity (S? 334 nm/RIU) through the defect mode is almost the same as the experimental findings (S? 330 nm/RIU) of a similar structure without the defect layer. But the obtained maximum detection accuracy (68.6) and quality parameter (160.4/RIU) of the present structure with defect layer is much larger than the values in a similar structure without defect layer (6.9 and 15/RIU). The present structure having a liquid-filled core, is therefore, favoured and useful in promising biosensing applications. � 2021, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Copper and iron metal resistant rhizospheric bacteria boost the plant growth and bacoside A content in Bacopa monnieri under stress conditions
(CSIRO, 2023) Kushwaha, Ramesh Kumar; Joshi, Samyukta Madhav; Bajaj, Renuka; Mastan, Anthati; Kumar, Vinay; Patel, Himani; Jayashree, S.; Chaudhary, Satya Prakash
Bacteria that enhance plant growth and development and are found in the vicinity of roots are referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Some beneficial bacteria help plant tolerance to many hazardous chemical elements. In this context, Cupriavidus basilensis, Novosphingobium humi, Bacillus zanthoxyli, Bacillus sp., Paenibacillus alvei, Ancylobacter aquaticus and Ralstonia syzygii metal-tolerant rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soil associated with Bacopa monnieri. The beneficial effects of rhizospheric bacteria on B. monnieri plant physiology and biochemical responses were investigated under pot conditions at two levels (100 ?M and 500 ?M) of CuSO4 or FeCl3. N. humi, A. aquaticus and R. syzygii bacterial strains were associated with significantly increased height and biomass under normal and stress conditions. An assay for indole acetic acid in isolated rhizospheric bacteria found differential secretion except Bacillus zanthoxyli. Bacoside A is a major phytocompound in B. monnieri with medicinal value; maximum induction was observed in the R. syzygii treatment. High concentration of copper and iron salts negatively influenced height, biomass and photosynthetic pigments; however N. humi, A. aquaticus, Bacilllus sp. and R. syzygii beneficial bacterial helped plants under stress conditions. Moreover, a significant enhancement in chlorophyll a and b was noticed in C. basilensis, B. zanthoxyli, Bacilllus sp., P. alvei and R. syzygii treatments, without much influence on carotenoid levels. Therefore, the present study emphasises the importance of isolating plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for use in bacopa plants exposed to metals such as copper and iron in soil. � 2023 CSIRO. All rights reserved.
CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing in Engineering Plant Secondary Metabolites of Therapeutic Benefits
(Springer Nature, 2022) Das, Tuyelee; Ghorai, Mimosa; Pandey, Devendra Kumar; Radha; Thakur, Mamta; Rathour, Sonia; Al-Tawaha, Abdel Rahman; Bursal, Ercan; Kumar, Vinay; Nongdam, Potshangbam; Shekhawat, Mahipal S.; El-Saber Batiha, Gaber; Ghosh, Arabinda; Dwivedi, Padmanabh; Kumar, Manoj; Dey, Abhijit
Plants hold the ability to produce wide types of bioactive secondary metabolites. Having emerged in the pregenomic era, increasingly more biosynthetic genes are being discovered in plants, leading to the discovery of new types of bioactive secondary metabolites. Utilisation of classical techniques is limited that hampers the discovery of pharmacologically important secondary metabolites. However, the development of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas (CRISPR associated protein)-based tools may alleviate this impasse. This chapter briefly presents existing information about the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and by what implies it was engineered to enhance important secondary metabolite production in plants. CRISPR/Cas systems have been among the most versatile genome editing tools available, revolutionising molecular biology. This chapter intends to highlight and discuss the lasting challenges of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing and the improvement of secondary metabolite amount in plant natural product engineering. The plants canvassed in this chapter include Atropa belladonna, Brassica napus, Camelina sativa, Dendrobium officinale, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Glycine max, Humulus lupulus, Papaver somniferum and Salvia miltiorrhiza. Additionally, we highlight the prospects of using CRISPR/Cas in plant secondary metabolite engineering. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Efficient removal of total arsenic (As3+/5+) from contaminated water by novel strategies mediated iron and plant extract activated waste flowers of marigold
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Upadhyay, Sudhir K.; Devi, Priyanka; Kumar, Vinay; Pathak, Himanshu K.; Kumar, Prasann; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Dwivedi, Padmanabh
In this investigation, marigold flower-waste was activated with iron salts (MG-Fe), subsequently marigold plant extract (MG-Fe-Ex) for the adsorptive elimination of As3+ and As5+ from contaminated water. The governing factor such as medium pH, temperature, pollutant concentration, reaction time, adsorbent dose were considered for the study. The complete elimination of As3+/5+ was recorded with MG-Fe-Ex at pH 8.0, 90 min, 30 �C, dose 4 g/L, 20 mg/L of As3+/5+ and shaking rate 120 rpm, while under the identical experimental condition, MG-Fe exhibited 98.4% and 73.3% removal for As5+ and As3+, respectively. The MG-Fe-Ex contains iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) as a result of iron ions reaction with plant bioactive molecules as evident from x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopic (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic study. The adsorption data of As3+/5+ on MG-Fe and MG-Fe-Ex was best fitted by pseudo-first order kinetic and freundlich isotherm except As5+ adsorption on MG-Fe-Ex that can be described by langmuir isotherm model. The prevailing mechanism in adsorption of As3+/5+ on both adsorbent might be hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction and complexation. From the above, it is confirmed that MG-Fe-Ex adsorbent has high potential and can be used for the adsorptive elimination of As3+/5+ from contaminated water in sustainable and environmentally friendly way. � 2022
Multidimensional Deprivation in Rural India A State-level Analysis
(Economic and Political Weekly, 2023) Mondal, Soumyabrata; Kumar, Vinay; Sahoo, Priyabrata
The paper investigates the spatial pattern of multidimensional deprivation in rural areas by developing a multidimensional deprivation index and examining its relationships with the poverty ratio and per capita income across the states in India. The analysis reveals that the states located in the central part of the country suffer a greater degree of deprivation. It further demonstrates that, with some exceptions, the MDI has a strong and positive correlation with the poverty ratio while it is inversely related with the per capita income in most of the states. The findings, therefore, draw attention towards the need for targeted spatial interventions, within the social sector policies, to overcome the persistent regional disparities at the subnational level. � 2023 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved.
Multidimensional deprivations among social groups in rural India: A state level analysis
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Sahoo, Priyabrata; Mondal, Soumyabrata; Kumar, Vinay
Based on the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) Multiple Indicator Survey (MIS) data of 2020�2021, the present study has been carried out to investigate spatial heterogeneity in the pattern of multidimensional deprivation across social groups among major states in rural India. Employing the principal component analysis approach, the social group wise Multidimensional Deprivation Index (MDI) have been constructed considering eighteen relevant indicators related to housing, basic amenities, social and economic deprivations. According to the study, multidimensional deprivation is much higher among rural households in the Scheduled Tribe (ST) and Scheduled Caste (SC) categories than among other social groups. The study unveils that, SC households, mainly in the central and north-eastern parts of the nation, experience severe multidimensional�deprivation. Of the states, Nagaland has the highest index score of 0.719 while Karnataka has the lowest index score ? 0.962. Similarly, ST households in central and eastern Indian states experience acute deprivation, with Odisha experiencing the highest levels (0.663 MDI value) compared to ? 0.723 in Sikkim. Meanwhile, Meghalaya (0.874) and Punjab (? 0.657) are the two most and least deprived states within the OBC social group. At the same time, though general categories households are comparatively well ahead than the other groups, a significant percentage of households within this category in two states, namely Mizoram and Jharkhand, suffer intense multidimensional�deprivation requiring special attention. Considering all the social groups, the results explain that the central and the eastern regions are comparatively more deprived than the rest of the regions of the country due to poor performance of these states in most of the indicators of MDI. The analysis discloses that the states (like�Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, etc.) having a higher proportion of General and SC populations are comparatively less deprived. In contrary, except north-eastern states where the concentration of ST population is comparatively higher (like�Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha) their deprivation is more. Hence, there is a need for an in-depth assessment of deprivation across the social groups to uncover their deprived conditions, and target-based new policies should be implemented for the deprived social groups in the deprived states of India. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Optimizing temperature-dependent molar volume fraction of biodiesel fuel in a pseudo-binary mixture through Bragg fiber waveguide sensor having defect layer
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Chourasia, Nitesh K.; Srivastava, Ankita; Kumar, Vinay; Chourasia, Ritesh Kumar
In the present communication, the temperature-dependent molar volume fraction of various kinds of renewable biodiesel fuel resources in a pseudo-binary mixture is theoretically optimized through the Bragg fiber waveguide (BFW) sensor with a geometrical defect in periodic cylindrical Bragg reflectors. BFW structure is modelled using a transfer matrix method (TMM) and Henkel formalism in a cylindrical coordinate system. The temperature dependence molar volume fraction is linked to the change in the refractive index of the pseudo-binary mixture, which is further predicted using the capacity of various models; Lorentz-Lorenz, Dale-Gladstone, Eykman, Newton, and Kay. In the presence of a geometric defect layer, a sharp transmission peak of 0.1nmfull width at half maxima (FWHM) is obtained in the considered photonic band gap (PBG), which is sensitive to the change in core refractive index. The temperature-dependent (due to different weather conditions) maximum sensitivity of the proposed sensor is found to be 1280 nm/RIU, which is further compared with the phoxonic crystal-based static temperature sensor having sensitivity 142 nm/RIU only. Along with improved sensitivity in the proposed sensor, other sensing performance parameters detection accuracy and quality parameter (which are inversely proportional to the FWHM) are also improved due to least FWHM of resonant transmission peak about 0.1 nm comparatively. � 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Safety analysis of safety-critical systems for their applicability on NPP systems: A state-of-the-art review
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2021) Kumar, Vinay; Maurya, Ashish Kumar; Singh, Karam Veer; Singh, Lalit Kumar; Singh, Pooja; Hati, Aditya Narayan; Singh, Vibhav Prakash
Since any risk in the safety-critical systems (SCSs) might lead to a terrible disaster, the utmost quality attribute of these systems is safety. Researchers are putting their efforts to ensure the safety of such systems. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art in the area of the safety attribute of such critical systems. The in depth literature survey is performed to explore the several methods/models used for safety analysis of the SCS. The limitations of such methods are also shown regarding their applicability in SCS of the nuclear power plant (NPP). We also propose a framework to perform safety analysis, which can deal with these limitations and demonstrated the approach on a case study of NPP. Further, the direction for future work is advised to extend the further scope of research based on the case study. � 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Size Determination in Chemically Grown PbS Nano Particles Using Different Theoretical Approach
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Kumar, Vinay; Kumar, Pranav; Bhattacharya, B.; Alheety, Mustafa A.; Zakariya'u, Ibrahim; Kumar, Pawan
Chemical bath method is adopted for growth of lead sulfide nano particles in methanolic solution of Pb(No3)2. Sulfur exchange is achieved by the controlled reaction of Na2S. The optical absorption studies have been done for obtained colloidal solution. The prepared particles are characterized by UV/Visible absorption spectra in the range 700�250�nm and the corresponding energy band gaps have been calculated assuming the effective masses of the electrons and holes in the nano particles to be same as that of bulk. The particle size has been determined by using the Wang Mahler and Brus L.E. Theoretical approaches. It is found that without using any capping agent the band gap of the compound gradually increases as the size of the particle decreases. � 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Understanding the physical state and tectonics of Eastern Himalaya using coda wave attenuation
(Springer, 2023) Kumar, Rohtash; Rai, Amritansh; Singh, Raghav; Gupta, S.C.; Kumar, Arjun; Singh, S.P.; Singh, Prashant Kumar; Maurya, S.P.; Kumar, Vinay; Singh, G.P.
Several strong to great earthquakes occurred in northeast India, indicating that the region is seismically very active. For a better understanding of the complex nature of tectonics in the Eastern Himalaya, a frequency-dependent attenuation relation based on coda waves is developed. The backscattering model of Aki and Chouet (J. Geophys. Res. 80:�3322�3342, 1975) is used to study the dependency of coda-Q on lapse time windows and frequency. Analysis of waveforms from 104 local earthquakes recorded by a five-station local seismological network provides frequency-dependent coda-Q relations: Qc = (61�8)f (1.23�0.03) (30s lapse time), Qc =�(83�9)f (1.17�0.03) (40s lapse time) and Qc = (104�8)f (1.15�0.04) (50s lapse time). These estimated relationships clearly demonstrate Qc's depth dependency, as longer lapse time windows would carry deeper depth information. Also, the increase in the value of Q 0 (Qc at 1 Hz) with lapse time depicts heterogeneity decrease with depth. The observed quality factor is highly variable with the frequency and lapse time. The higher the value of �n,' the more seismically active the region. The observed Qc relation is found equivalent to other similar seismically active regions. � 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences.

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