Browsing by Author "Mahesh, M.S."
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Publication Correction to: Palmitic- and Stearic Acid-based Dry Vegetable Fat Prills Augment Milk Performance of Crossbred Dairy Cows (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, (2022), 92, 3, (553-559), 10.1007/s40011-021-01315-1)(Springer, 2023) Mahesh, M.S.There were a few errors in the original online publication of the above paper for which the following corrections should be noted. The originally published formula in the subheading �Analysis of Feed and Milk� under the section �Material and Methods�: �4% fat-corrected milk (FCM)?=?[(0.4?�?4.45�kg milk)?+?(0.15?�?kg milk?�?fat %)]� should be read:�4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) = [(0.4 � kg milk) + (0.15 � kg milk � fat %)]� �4% fat-corrected milk (FCM)?=?[(0.4?�?4.45�kg milk)?+?(0.15?�?kg milk?�?fat %)]� should be read: �4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) = [(0.4 � kg milk) + (0.15 � kg milk � fat %)]� In the �Conclusion� section, the word �trail� should read as �trial� The author sincerely apologises for any confusion this may have caused. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The National Academy of Sciences, India.Publication Lead: Exposure Risk, Bio Assimilation and Amelioration Strategies in Livestock Animals(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Singh, A.K.; Mahesh, M.S.; Ojha, Lamella; Choubey, Mahipal; Kumari, Punita; Chaudhary, S.K.Lead (Pb) toxicity is a serious issue affecting animals of all kinds, including wildlife, livestock, and companion animals. Lead poisoning has been linked to animals that have been let out to pasture and unintentional lead ingestion from consuming contaminated feed, soil and oil, licking grease off of equipment, chewing on plumbing or batteries, or drinking water contaminated by leaching materials. Compared to monogastric animals, ruminant is better able to withstand the harmful effects of lead and the risk of susceptibility is higher in young animals and human. The primary mechanisms of lead-related toxicity involve the production of oxidative stress by free radicals, which directly unbalances the body's prooxidants and antioxidants system. The main targets of lead toxicity in animals are vital biomolecules like protein, lipid, and nucleic acids (DNA), the liver, the nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the kidneys, and the reproductive organs. Chelation therapy was considered one of the most effective approaches for alleviating lead toxicity. Many new approaches have been investigated and few of them viz essential metals, vitamins, edible plants, phytochemicals, probiotics and other dietary supplements found to be effective in protecting against Pb toxicity. Plant bioactive compounds possess and offer wider and safe alternatives for alleviation of lead toxicity. Overall, there are many strategies available for mitigating lead toxicity in animals, and each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages. Further, research is needed to determine the most effective strategies for different types of animals and lead exposure scenarios. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Publication On-top Supplementation of a Complete Micronutrient Premix to Lactating Buffaloes Augments Bottom-Line Farm Profitability(Springer, 2022) Pathak, Manish K.; Singh, Sudhir K.; Mahesh, M.S.; Atmakuri, Srilatha; Chandran, B.; Balakrishnan, U.This study evaluated the efficacy of a buffalo-specific complete micronutrient premix on performance and economic feasibility in milking buffaloes under field conditions. Sixteen Murrah buffaloes in their early lactation were selected from the herd and randomly assigned to one of two groups of control and treatment maintained on a total mixed ration comprising of corn green, wheat straw, and concentrate feed mixture. The diet of buffaloes in the treatment group had additional on-top dosing of a complete micronutrient premix at 50�g/head/day for 30�days. Results showed no significant (P ? 0.05) difference in milk production and fat content. However, a return on investment of 2.2:1 was demonstrated in the treatment group over that of control. Therefore, it was concluded that the regular supplementation of micronutrient premix in the diets of lactating buffaloes improves economic returns, thereby augmenting bottom-line profitability in commercial dairy enterprises. � 2021, The National Academy of Sciences, India.Publication Palmitic- and Stearic Acid-based Dry Vegetable Fat Prills Augment Milk Performance of Crossbred Dairy Cows(Springer, 2022) Mahesh, M.S.This study examined the impact of supplementing rumen-inert dry saturated free fatty acid prills (SFAP) using seven�crossbred dairy cows in mid-lactation with a mean parity of 3. The first 20�days of experiment constituted control (CON), fed with no supplement, followed by treatment (FAT) phase spanning 40�days, during which all cows received supplemental SFAP at 1.6% of DMI (200�g/d). The basal diet comprised of 58:42 proportion of forage-to-concentrate throughout the study. Results revealed that dry matter intake (DMI) did not differ between the groups; however, intakes of metabolisable and net energy for lactation (NEL) tended (P = 0.06) to be higher in group FAT. Furthermore, yields of 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM), fat, solid-not-fat increased (P ? 0.05) in group FAT than CON with a better (2.82 vs. 2.61; P ? 0.01) body condition score (BCS) observed in the former group. In addition, feed efficiency was higher (P ? 0.05) in group FAT when expressed as 4% FCM � DMI (1.12 vs. 1.05) and 4% FCM � Mcal NEL intake (0.85 vs. 0.81). Regarding economics, it was evident that income over feed cost was higher by 15.5% in group FAT with a concomitant reduction in feeding cost/kg 4% FCM by 4.51% in the same group leading to a better profitability. This study concludes that supplementation of SFAP at 1.6% of DMI in tropical crossbred cows propitiously benefits lactational performance by augmenting 4% FCM production and BCS in an efficient and economical way, thus bolstering sustainable dairying. � 2022, The National Academy of Sciences, India.Publication Scientific characterization methods for better utilization of cattle dung and urine: a concise review(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Singh, Yashpal; Rani, Jyoti; Kushwaha, Jeetesh; Priyadarsini, Madhumita; Pandey, Kailash Pati; Sheth, Pratik N.; Yadav, Sushil Kumar; Mahesh, M.S.; Dhoble, Abhishek S.Cattle are usually raised for food, manure, leather, therapeutic, and draught purposes. Biowastes from cattle, such as dung and urine, harbor a diverse group of crucial compounds, metabolites/chemicals, and microorganisms that may benefit humans for agriculture, nutrition, therapeutics, industrial, and other utility products. Several bioactive compounds have been identified in cattle dung and urine, which possess unique properties and may vary based on agro-climatic zones and feeding practices. Therefore, cattle dung and urine have great significance, and a balanced nutritional diet may be a key to improved quality of these products/by-products. This review primarily focuses on the scientific aspects of biochemical and microbial characterization of cattle biowastes. Various methods including genomics for analyzing cattle dung and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy for cattle urine have been reviewed. The presented information might open doors for the further characterization of cattle resources for heterogeneous applications in the production of utility items and addressing research gaps. Graphical Abstract: Methods for cattle�s dung and urine characterization [Figure not available: see fulltext.] � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.Publication Sun-Dried Sugarcane Press Mud Could be a Prospective Feedstuff for Swine Production(Springer, 2022) Sahu, Subhasish; Patel, B.H.M.; Sarangi, Archana; Kumar, Dinesh; Mahesh, M.S.; Upadhyay, Deepak; Dutt, TriveniThis study identified sugarcane press mud (SPM)�a by-product of sugarcane industry�as a possible feedstuff for pig production. Crossbred (Landrace � Desi) piglets (n = 28) were randomly allocated to four similar dietary groups of seven (four females and three males) each. The resulting treatments were: control (T0) diet with no inclusion of sun-dried SPM (SSPM) and diets T1, T2 and T3 contained SSPM at a level of 5, 10 and 15%, respectively, partially replacing maize, de-oiled soya bean meal and wheat bran. Performance traits such as feed intake, nutrient digestibility, immune response and economics of feeding were recorded until attaining marketable body weight (BW) of 80 � 5�kg. Isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated for three different stages of pigs based on BW like weaner (10�20�kg; 60�75�days), grower (20�50�kg; 76�135�days) and finisher (50�80�kg; 136�195�days). A 7-day digestion trial was conducted during the grower stage. Results demonstrated that intake and total tract digestibilities of all major nutrients did not differ across treatments, except crude fibre intake, which was greater (P < 0.05) for groups T2 and T3. Intake and absorption of calcium (as % of intake) were higher (P < 0.01) for group T3 than other groups. Cell-mediated immune response did not vary among all dietary groups. Furthermore, mean body measurements (length, weight, heart girth and flank-to-flank length), average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and feed cost/kg BW gain were similar among all the groups with an additional comparative savings of INR 5.25/kg gain noted in group T3 than T0. Lastly, SSPM was found most economical in delivering unit protein and energy among all other conventional ingredients used in the experimental diets. In totality, these novel results suggested that SSPM could be formulated safely in the diets for swine at 15% without any detrimental consequences on performance measures, thereby concluding SSPM to be a prospective feedstuff for profitable pig production. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society for Sugar Research & Promotion.
