Browsing by Author "Pandey, Prashant"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Analysis of a Class of Reaction-Diffusion Equation Using Spectral Scheme
    (CRC Press, 2023) Pandey, Prashant; Kumari, Priya
    In this chapter authors have considered a special class of reaction-diffusion equations viz. the Klein-Gordon equation. The key work of this chapter is to propose a tool to find the numerical solution of fractional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation (FNKGE) with some given boundary and initial conditions. In this numerical technique the operational matrix based on orthogonal Laguerre polynomials is applied to fractional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations and converted this equation in to an algebraic systems which further simplified by Newton method and gives the desired numerical solution of our considered problem. Here the fractional order derivative is taken in accordance of Caputo sense. Several numerical examples are examined to show the efficiency and validity of our proposed numerical techniques. In addition, the stability and convergence analysis of the proposed numerical algorithm is given to show the effectiveness of the scheme. Numerical discussions and graphical presentations ensure that the introduced method is easy to apply and reliable for fractional order systems. � 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    c(RGDfK) anchored surface manipulated liposome for tumor-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) delivery to potentiate liver anticancer activity
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Deepak, Payal; Kumar, Praveen; Arya, Dilip Kumar; Pandey, Prashant; Kumar, Shiv; Parida, Bishnu Prasad; Narayan, Gopeshwar; Singh, Sanjay; Rajinikanth, Paruvathanahalli Siddalingam
    Current anticancer drug research includes tumor-targeted administration as a critical component because it is the best strategy to boost efficacy and decrease toxicity. Low drug concentration in cancer cells, nonspecific distribution, rapid clearance, multiple drug resistance, severe side effects, and other factors contribute to the disappointing results of traditional chemotherapy. As an innovative technique of treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent years, nanocarrier-mediated targeted drug delivery systems can overcome the aforesaid limitations via enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR) and active targeting. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor Gefitinib (Gefi) has dramatic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, we developed and assessed an ?v?3 integrin receptor targeted c(RGDfK) surface modified liposomes for better targeting selectivity and therapeutic efficacy of Gefi on HCC cells. The conventional and modified Gefi loaded liposomes, i.e., denoted as Gefi-L and Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L, respectively, were prepared through the ethanol injection method and optimized via Box Behnken design (BBD). The FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy verified that the c(RGDfK) pentapeptides had formed an amide bond with the liposome surface. In addition, the particle size, Polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in-vitro Gefi release of the Gefi-L and Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L were measured and analyzed. As indicated by the MTT assay on HepG2 cells, Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L displayed considerably higher cytotoxicity than Gefi-L or Gefi alone. Throughout the incubation period, HepG2 cells took up significantly more Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L than Gefi-L. According to the in vivo biodistribution analysis, Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L accumulated more strongly at the tumor site than Gefi-L and free Gefi. Furthermore, HCC-bearing rats treated with Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L showed a substantial drop in liver marker enzymes (alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin levels) compared to the disease control group. Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L suppresses tumour growth more effectively than Gefi-L and free Gefi, according to an in vivo analysis of their anticancer activities. Thus, c(RGDfK)-surface modified liposomes, i.e., Gefi-c(RGDfK)-L may serve as an efficient carrier for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. � 2023 Elsevier B.V.
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    Groundwater Stress Analysis using GIS in Parts of Varanasi District, Uttar Pradesh, India
    (Springer, 2022) Chaurasia, Abhishek Kumar; Pandey, H.K.; Tiwari, S.K.; Pandey, Prashant; Ram, Arjun
    The observation based on field as well as secondary data collected from the various observation wells in the district of Varanasi during pre- and post-monsoon periods which show continuous decline in the groundwater level during the year 2009�15 except year 2012. After the analysis of hydrogeological and rainfall data, the groundwater behaviour of the area has been accessed. The correlation among rainfall, sub-surface lithology and groundwater level have been carried out to access the interrelationship of these factors. Thickness of clay and fine sand are governing factors for groundwater level under phreatic condition in the study area. The groundwater regime has strong relationship with rainfall and sub-surface soil condition. The groundwater is under stress condition particularly in the northern part of the study area due to lower rainfall in comparison to excessive groundwater withdrawal and significant thickness of clay layer below the ground surface. � 2021, The National Academy of Sciences, India.
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    Groundwater vulnerability assessment using water quality index (WQI) under geographic information system (GIS) framework in parts of Uttar Pradesh, India
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Chaurasia, Abhishek Kumar; Pandey, H.K.; Tiwari, S.K.; Pandey, Prashant; Ram, Arjun
    Groundwater resources are affected in principle by three major activities. First is excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural areas. The second is untreated/partially treated wastewater to the soil/water and the third one is excessive pumping and improper management of aquifers. Due to large-scale urban growth which has triggered domestic effluents and on the other hand industrial development activities has resulted in the generation of a copious volume of industrial effluents directly and indirectly contaminate the groundwater. In a drinking water quality assessment, the decision-making based on water quality data is a crucial issue because several parameters compromise its quality. There has been considerable advancement in the field of water quality assessment particularly based on the principle of the water quality index (WQI) using modified concepts. The study area which includes part of Varanasi and Sant Ravidas Nagar districts are centers for urban growth along with industrial setup in Uttar Pradesh, India. Water quality index (WQI) is an index reflecting the composite influence of different water quality parameters which is considered for calculation. 50 numbers of groundwater samples were collected from various locations in the study area as per the standard protocol prescribed by the American Public Health Association (APHA). Twenty-two water quality parameters have been considered for the calculation of water quality index viz. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), nitrates (NO3?), bicarbonate (HCO3?), chlorides (Cl?), sulphates (SO4?), fluorides (F?), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The Bureau of Indian Standard has been considered to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes and the calculation of the water quality index (WQI). Correlation study among various physicochemical properties also reflects certain significant negative relationships. The current study shows that 50% of the collected water samples are non-suitable for the drinking water category and the rest is falling under the good, moderate, poor, very poor as per the Water Quality Index (WQI) classification. The present study is quite helpful for the proper planning and management of available water resources for drinking purposes. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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    Identification of Potential Recharge Zones in Drought Prone Area of Bundelkhand Region, India, Using SCS-CN and MIF Technique Under GIS-frame work
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021) Pandey, Prashant; Tiwari, S.K.; Pandey, H.K.; Chaurasia, Abhishek Kumar; Singh, Sachchidanand
    Jaspura watershed a part of Yamuna basin is situated in drought prone area lying in the Banda district of Bundelkhand region, Uttar Pradesh, India. The drastic decline of groundwater level and consistently drying up of the phreatic aquifer has led to the acute shortage of groundwater in the study area. The situation is further aggravated due to base flow in the areas adjoining the major order streams. To mitigate such problem in study area, MIF technique, combined with RS and GIS, has been effectively used to delineate the potential recharge zone using seven thematic layers, viz., LULC, soil, slope, drainage density (Dd), geomorphology, depth to water level map of post-monsoon, and groundwater fluctuation map. Relative rates and weight of each influencing factor have been calculated on the basis of major and minor effect of these thematic layers. Based on their influence on groundwater recharge capacity using seven thematic layers under potential zone, five classes under artificial recharge have been identified, viz., very high (96.4 km2), high (157.4 km2), moderate (146.1 km2), low (72.9 km2), and very low (34.2km2). The runoff in 15 micro-watersheds has been estimated using SCS-CN approach. Integration of runoff and potential recharge zone has yielded the suitable sites and type of groundwater recharge structure. On the basis of its percolation tank (PT), check dam (CD) and sub-surface dam (SD) have been identified as feasible and suitable groundwater recharge structure. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.