Browsing by Author "Rajpoot S.K."

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    Biochar as a Novel Feed Additive for Ruminants
    (Springer Singapore, 2024) Rajpoot S.K.; Sharma P.R.; Singh J.; Kumar A.; Vijayakumar S.; Chaudhary R.; Kumar D.
    Prosperity of animal husbandry depends on good husbandry practices including scientific feeding, encompassing macro-and micronutrients as well as additives/supplements. Biochar is a novel, relatively less-explored additive, produced through pyrolysis of biomass at temperatures of around 700 �C with no or low oxygen levels. The quality of biochar is determined by its primary biomass source, residence duration, and temperature during pyrolysis that ultimately affect its physico-chemical properties such as elemental composition, surface area, porosity, retention capacity, and overall applications. Of late, biochar, when included as feed additive, has shown the potential to improve the production performance and health of ruminants. In many studies, usage of biochar in rumi�nant rations at 0.5�3% has demonstrated to improve feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, immune response, carcass attributes, and overall quality of animal products. The mechanisms underlying these effects are based on the adsorption abilities in detoxifying mycotoxins in feed raw materials, regulating plant-produced toxins, having a high affinity for pollutants, and improving the populations of beneficial gut microorganisms in ruminants. Nevertheless, it appears that more research on the usefulness of biochar in animal production is needed due to some inconsistent findings in the published literature along with a focus on safety aspects and cost economics. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
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    Biosynthesis of biomolecules from saffron as an industrial crop and their regulation, with emphasis on the chemistry, extraction methods, identification techniques, and potential applications in human health and food: A critical comprehensive review
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Gupta V.; Jamwal G.; Rai G.K.; Gupta S.K.; Shukla R.M.; Dadrwal B.K.; Prabhakar P.; Tripathy S.; Rajpoot S.K.; Singh A.K.; Verma D.K.; Utama G.L.; Ch�vez Gonz�lez M.L.; Aguilar C.N.
    The dried stigmas of Crocus sativus, known as �Red Gold,� are highly prized for their nutritional and medicinal qualities. These qualities are due to the presence of apocarotenoids such as crocin, crocetin, safranal, and picrocrocin. The concentrations of biomolecules in saffron play a crucial role in determining its quality and commercial value. Ensuring the purity of saffron biomolecules is crucial for their pharmaceutical and food applications, given their significant potential in these fields. Enhancing cultivation practices and harnessing biosynthesis pathways through genetic engineering are widely used methods to boost the production of saffron biomolecules. Nevertheless, achieving optimal purity and output from the final products necessitates the implementation of efficient extraction methods. Additionally, employing effective identification methods is crucial for attaining accuracy in estimating the quality and quantity of these biomolecules. Hence, understanding the biosynthesis, extraction, and identification methods of saffron biomolecules, along with their significant role in human health and food, holds great importance. There is a need for extensive research to enhance the quality of components used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, surpassing the current studies. Thus, this review provides an overview of saffron biomolecules, including crocin, crocetin, safranal, and picrocrocin, along with their properties, biosynthesis, and regulation. Furthermore, the paper delves into the various aspects of saffron biomolecules, including sample preparation, extraction, identification, and quantification. In addition, the paper highlighted the possible health advantages and food uses of saffron biomolecules, as well as detailed information on the role of artificial intelligence have been discussed as a cutting-edge tool for studying various aspects of saffron biomolecules. Furthermore, the study has emphasized the future potential and opportunities for further research on saffron and its biomolecules, which can pique the interest of researchers, scientists, and industrial people seeking new and innovative opportunities. � 2024 Elsevier Ltd