Browsing by Author "Ray S."
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Item Consensus Statement from India on the Renal Benefits of ARNi, SGLT-2i, and Bisoprolol in Chronic Kidney Disease(Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 2024) Chopra H.K.; Khullar D.; Nair T.; Wander G.S.; Ponde C.K.; Ray S.; Nanda N.C.; Kasliwal R.R.; Rana D.S.; Kirpalani A.; Sawhney J.P.S.; Chandra P.; Mehta Y.; Kumar V.; Tewari S.; Pancholia A.K.; Kher V.; Bansal S.; Mittal S.; Kerkar P.; Sahoo P.K.; Hotchandani R.; Prakash S.; Chauhan N.; Rastogi V.; Jabir A.; Shanmugasundaram S.; Tiwaskar M.; Sinha A.; Gupta V.; Mishra S.S.; Routray S.N.; Omar A.K.; Swami O.C.; Jaswal A.; Alam S.; Passey R.; Rajput R.; Paul J.; Kapoor A.; Prabhakar D.; Chandra S.; Malhotra P.; Singh V.P.; Bansal M.; Shah P.; Jain S.; Bhargava M.; Vijayalakshmi I.B.; Varghaese K.; Jain D.; Goel A.; Gaur N.; Tandon R.; Moorthy A.; George S.; Katyal V.K.; Mantri R.R.; Mehrotra R.; Bhalla D.; Mittal V.; Rao S.; Jagia M.; Singh H.; Awasthi S.; Sattur A.; Mishra R.; Pandey A.; Chawla R.; Jaggi S.; Sehgal B.; Sehgal A.; Goel N.; Gupta R.; Kubba S.; Chhabra A.; Bagga S.; Shastry N.R.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in India. CKD often coexists with heart failure (HF), diabetes, and hypertension. All these comorbidities are risk factors for renal impairment. HF and CKD are pathophysiologically intertwined, and the deterioration of one can worsen the prognosis of the other. There is a need for safe renal pharmacological therapies that target both CKD and HF and are also useful in hypertension and diabetes. Neurohormonal activation achieved through the activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), the renin�angiotensin�aldosterone system (RAAS), and the natriuretic peptide system (NPS) is fundamental in the pathogenesis and progression of CKD and HF. Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), and selective ?1-blocker (B1B) bisoprolol suppress this neurohormonal activation. They also have many other cardiorenal benefits across a wide range of CKD patients with or without concomitant HF, diabetes, or hypertension. This consensus statement from India explores the place of ARNi, SGLT-2i, and bisoprolol in the management of CKD patients with or without HF and other comorbidities. �The Author(s). 2024.Item Current Place of SGLT2i in the Management of Heart Failure: An Expert Opinion from India(Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 2024) Chopra H.K.; Nair T.; Wander G.S.; Ponde C.K.; Ray S.; Khullar D.; Nanda N.C.; Narula J.; Kasliwal R.R.; Rana D.S.; Kirpalani A.; Sawhney J.P.S.; Chandra P.; Mehta Y.; Kumar V.; Tewari S.; Pancholia A.K.; Kher V.; Bansal S.; Mittal S.; Kerkar P.; Sahoo P.K.; Hotchandani R.; Prakash S.; Chauhan N.; Rastogi V.; Jabir A.; Shanmugasundaram S.; Tiwaskar M.; Sinha A.; Gupta V.; Mishra S.S.; Routray S.N.; Omar A.K.; Swami O.C.; Jaswal A.; Alam S.; Passey R.; Rajput R.; Paul J.; Kapoor A.; Prabhakar D.; Chandra S.; Malhotra P.; Singh V.P.; Bansal M.; Shah P.; Jain S.; Bhargava M.; Vijayalakshmi I.B.; Varghaese K.; Jain D.; Goel A.; Mehmood K.; Gaur N.; Tandon R.; Moorthy A.; George S.; Katyal V.K.; Mantri R.R.; Mehrotra R.; Bhalla D.; Mittal V.; Rao S.; Jagia M.; Singh H.; Awasthi S.; Sattur A.; Mishra R.; Pandey A.; Chawla R.; Jaggi S.; Sehgal B.; Sehgal A.; Goel N.; Gupta R.; Kubba S.; Chhabra A.; Bagga S.; Shastry N.R.Heart failure (HF) is a global health concern that is prevalent in India as well. HF is reported at a younger age in Indian patients with comorbidity of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in approximately 50% of patients. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), originally approved for T2DM, are new guideline-recommended and approved treatment strategies for HF. Extensive evidence highlights that SGLT2i exhibits profound cardiovascular (CV) benefits beyond glycemic control. SGLT2i, in conjunction with other guideline-directed medical therapies (GMDT), has additive effects in improving heart function and reducing adverse HF outcomes. The benefits of SGLT2i are across a spectrum of patients, with and without diabetes, suggesting their potential place in broader HF populations irrespective of ejection fraction (EF). This consensus builds on the updated evidence of the efficacy and safety of SGLT2i in HF and recommends its place in therapy with a focus on Indian patients with HF. �The Author(s). 2024.Item Electrochemical Hydroxylation of ?-Bromoacetophenones: Access to ?-Hydroxyacetophenones(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Singh S.; Ray S.; Shukla G.; Singh M.; Singh M.S.Herein, a new method has been developed for the synthesis of various ?-hydroxyacetophenones via an electro-oxidation process. It involves electrocatalytic hydroxylation via debromination of C(sp3)?Br bond. Here, simultaneous breaking of carbon-bromine (C?Br) bond and formation of a new carbon-oxygen (C?O) bond has been achieved through electrolysis of H2O using binary mixture of water and DMSO. The protocol features easy performance, oxidant and base-free mild conditions and short reaction time. � 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.Item Indian Consensus on the Role and Position of Angiotensin Receptor-neprilysin Inhibitors in the Management of Heart Failure(Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 2024) Chopra H.K.; Ponde C.; Wander G.S.; Nair T.; Ray S.; Khullar D.; Nanda N.C.; Narula J.; Kasliwal R.R.; Rana D.S.; Kirpalani A.; Sawhney J.S.; Chandra P.; Mehta Y.; Kumar V.; Tiwari S.; Pancholia A.K.; Kher V.; Bansal S.; Mittal S.; Kerkar P.; Sahoo P.K.; Hotchandani R.; Prakash S.; Chauhan N.; Rastogi V.; Abdullakutty J.; Shanmugasundaram S.; Tiwaskar M.; Sinha A.; Gupta V.; Mishra S.S.; Routray S.N.; Omar A.K.; Swami O.C.; Jaswal A.; Alam S.; Passey R.; Rajput R.; Paul J.; Kapoor A.; Dorairaj P.; Chandra S.; Malhotra P.; Singh V.P.; Bansal M.; Jain S.; Shah P.; Bhargava M.; Vijayalakshmi I.B.; Varghaese K.; Jain D.; Goel A.; Mahmood K.; Gaur N.; Tandon R.; Moorthy A.; George S.; Katyal V.K.; Mantri R.R.; Mehrotra R.; Bhalla D.; Mittal V.; Rao S.; Jagia M.; Singh H.; Awasthi S.; Sattur A.; Mishra R.; Pandey A.; Chawla R.; Jaggi S.; Sehgal B.; Sehgal A.; Goel N.; Gupta R.; Kubba S.; Chhabra A.; Bagga S.; Shastry R.N.The incidence of heart failure (HF) in India is estimated to be 0.5�1.7 cases per 1,000 people per year, and approximately 4,92,000�1.8 million new cases are detected every year. Despite the high rate of mortality associated with HF, most patients do not receive maximal guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Current guidelines advocate early multidrug combination therapy with four classes of drugs, namely, beta-blockers (BBs), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is), particularly in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). ARNIs reduce cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients with HFrEF. However, recent data indicated that only 4.8% of patients with HFrEF receive ARNI in India. Hence, at a national consensus on HF meeting, cardiology experts from India formulated a national consensus on the use of ARNI in HF based on current evidence and guidelines. The consensus states that ARNI should be used early in HF, particularly in de novo patients with HFrEF, and those with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), irrespective of the presence of low systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diabetes. Moreover, those with HFrEF on renin�angiotensin�aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors should be switched to ARNI to reduce the risk of repeated hospitalization for HF, worsening HF, and cardiac death, and to improve the quality of life (QoL). Starting ARNI during the first hospitalization is preferable, and it is safe and effective across all doses. ARNIs can also be used for secondary benefits in patients with preserved ejection fraction [heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)] and HF with mildly reduced EF [heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF)]. �The Author(s). 2024Open Access.Item LiBr-Promoted Reaction of ?-Ketodithioesters and Thioamides with Sulfoxonium Ylides to Synthesize Functionalized Thiophenes(American Chemical Society, 2024) Ray S.; Gupta N.; Singh M.S.An operationally simple and highly efficient synthesis of functionalized thiophenes has been developed by LiBr promoted heteroannulation of ?-ketodithioesters and thioamides with bench-stable sulfoxonium ylides in open air for the first time. This one-pot strategy involves formal Csp3-H bond insertion/intramolecular cyclization cascade, featuring readily accessible starting materials, TM and additive-free condition, broad substrate scope, high functional group compatibility, and scalability. Moreover, the carbonyl, thiomethyl, and amino groups in the resulting thiophene provide a good handle on downstream transformations. � 2024 American Chemical Society.Item Metal-Free [2+3] Dipolar Cycloaddition/Denitration Cascade between Nitroalkenes and ?-Diazoesters: Regioselective Access to Functionalized NH?Pyrazoles(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Kumar G.; Ray S.; Saha S.; Shankar Singh M.An efficient one-pot synthesis of 1H-pyrazoles has been realized via cascade cyclocondensation of ?-nitroalkenes as C2 synthon with ?-diazoesters as C1N2 unit. The reaction proceeds via concomitant formation of two new (C?N & C?C) bonds in one stretch leading to ethyl-5-nitro-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-3H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate intermediate, which undergoes base mediated denitration enabling the formation of NH?pyrazoles. This protocol not only features easy operation, catalyst?free conditions, good to high yields, wide scope and late-stage functionalization, but also opens up a new avenue for synthetically demanding and structurally non-traditional pyrazoles. A combination of experimental and DFT studies provide evidence for the proposed mechanism. � 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.Item Microbial Volatiles (mVOCs) Induce Tomato Plant Growth and Disease Resistance Against Wilt Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici(Springer, 2024) Singh P.; Singh J.; Ray S.; Vaishnav A.; Jha P.; Singh R.K.; Singh H.B.Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) and its potentiality in plant growth and development is still an unexplored area. The in vitro study on bipartite plate showed inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici (FOL) by volatiles of Trichoderma asperellum BHU P1 and Ochrobactrum sp. BHU-PB1 over control. The seed germination and seedling growth was recorded maximum in plant exposed to VOCs of Ochrobactrum sp. in both magenta box (in vitro) and pot (in vivo) experiment. The growth parameters as seed germination, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, number of lateral roots and number of leaflets was compared to be higher in microbial volatile metabolites treated plants as compared to control. Disease incidence in T. asperellum and Ochrobactrum sp. volatile treated tomato plants were 43.66% and 41.33%, respectively at 20�days post inoculation (dpi) whereas untreated control showed disease incidence up to 79.16%. GC�MS analysis of volatile metabolite of T. asperellum BHU P1 detected 42 compounds and Ochrobactrum sp. BHU-PB1 detected 50 compounds over PDB and NB control. HPLC analysis of volatile treated tomato leaves showed enhanced concentration of gallic acid, t-chlorogenic acid, rutin, p-caumeric acid, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, capsacin, salicylic acid, syringic acid and quercetin over control at 0, 48 and 72�h of FOL challenge. Above observations led to the conclusion that tomato roots which perceived the volatiles of Ochrobactrum sp. BHU-PB1 showed better plant growth promotion and enhanced plant defense, revealed by higher phenolic compound production followed by T. asperellum BHU P1 volatile treated plant. � The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.Item PIDA-promoted metal-free [3 + 2] heteroannulation of ?-ketothioamides with 4-hydroxy coumarins: chemo-/regioselective access to furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-ones at room temperature(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Kumar Yadav A.; Yadav D.; Kumar V.; Ray S.; Singh M.S.Herein, we report a viable protocol to access furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-ones by engaging easily accessible 4-hydroxy coumarins as a three-atom CCO unit and thioamides as a C2 coupling partner, mediated by phenyliodine(iii) diacetate (PIDA) at room temperature in a highly efficient and pot-/step-economical manner. This strategy not only avoids potential toxicity and tiresome workup conditions, but also features operational simplicity, a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, high yields, easy scalability and exclusive selectivity. A mechanistic study has shown that this metal-free reaction is triggered by PIDA via activation of the ?-carbon of 4-hydroxy coumarin, followed by a nucleophilic addition/intramolecular cyclization/dethiohydration cascade. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) study confirms the key intermediates involved during the course of the reaction, elucidating the reaction pathways, and demonstrates the excellent regio- and chemoselectivity of this approach. � 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Item TBHP-Mediated Intermolecular Radical Coupling and Intramolecular Cyclization Cascade: Access to Furo[2,3-b]quinoxalines and Their Photophysical Study(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Ray S.; Kumar V.; Singh S.; Bandyopadhyay K.; Saha S.; Shankar Singh M.A cascade one-pot strategy to construct 31 examples of furo-fused quinoxalines in up to 88% yields has been devised from readily accessible ?-ketothioamides and quinoxalin-2-ones in open flask at room temperature under TBHP mediated conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that the overall reactivity relies on the seamless integration of intermolecular radical coupling and intramolecular cyclization via desulfhydration of C=S bond cleavage. Generation of H2S as the only by-product makes this process highly attractive. Furthermore, the photophysical behavior of the furo-fused quinoxalines has also been studied. � 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.Item The Promise of Cilnidipine in Hypertension with Comorbidities: National Consensus Statement(Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 2024) Chopra H.K.; Wander G.S.; Ponde C.K.; Nanda N.C.; Khullar D.; Venugopal K.; Ray S.; Nair T.; Rana D.S.; Kher V.; Sawhney J.P.S.; Kasliwal R.R.; Abdullakutty J.; Chakraborty R.; Chandra P.; Bansal S.; Kumar V.; Pancholia A.K.; Kapoor A.; Prakash S.; Saxena A.; Rastogi V.; Sharma V.; Arora Y.K.; Dasbiswas A.; Bhargava M.; Jaswal A.; Bhargava K.; Bhatia M.; Omar A.K.; Khanna N.N.; Passey R.; Bhalla D.; Vijayalakshmi I.B.; Bhalla A.K.; Moorthy A.; Isser H.S.; Mishra S.S.; Routray S.; Tandon V.; Sinha A.; Bansal M.; Jain P.; Hotchandani R.; Jain D.; Katyal V.K.; Gulati S.; Tandon R.; Jaggi S.; Sehgal B.; Gupta V.; Mehrotra R.; Krishnamani N.C.; Pathak S.N.; Yadav M.S.; Chawla R.; Shastry N.R.; Chatterjee N.; Samajdar S.S.; Pal J.; Tiwaskar M.The rapidly increasing burden of hypertension is responsible for premature deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal disease, and stroke, with a tremendous public health and financial burden. Hypertension detection, treatment, and control vary worldwide; it is still low, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). High blood pressure (BP) and CVD risk have a strong, linear, and independent association. They contribute to alarming numbers of all-cause and CVD deaths. A major culprit for increased hypertension is sympathetic activity, and further complications of hypertension are heart failure, ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and renal failure. Now, antihypertensive interventions have emerged as a global public health priority to reduce BP-related morbidity and mortality. Calcium channel blockers (CCB) are highly effective vasodilators. and the most common drugs used for managing hypertension and CVD. Cilnidipine, with both L- and N-type calcium channel blocking activity, is a promising 4th generation CCB. It causes vasodilation via L-type calcium channel blockade and inhibits the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) via N-type calcium channel blockade. Cilnidipine, which acts as a dual L/N-type CCB, is linked to a reduced occurrence of pedal edema compared to amlodipine, which solely blocks L-type calcium channels. The antihypertensive properties of cilnidipine are very substantial, with low BP variability and long-acting properties. It is beneficial for hypertensive patients to deal with morning hypertension and for patients with abnormal nocturnal BP due to exaggerated sympathetic nerve activation. Besides its BP-lowering effect, it also exhibits organ protection via sympathetic nerve inhibition and renin�angiotensin�aldosterone system inhibition; it controls heart rate and proteinuria. Reno-protective, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects of cilnidipine have been well-documented and demonstrated. � 2024 Journal of Association of Physicians of India. All rights reserved.