Browsing by Author "Sharma G."
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Item Association of solar flares with magnetic complexity of the sunspot groups in solar active regions during solar cycles 23�25(Springer, 2024) Chaudhari A.; Singh A.; Sharma G.; Singh A.K.The present study aims to investigate the association of X-ray solar flares with the magnetic complexity of sunspot groups in active regions for the period from 1996 to 2023 (solar cycles 23 to 24 and ascending phase of solar cycle 25). Statistically, we have found that (1) the total 37,166 sunspots are affiliated with the 5412 active regions. Following the Hale magnetic complexity categorization method, a total occurring sunspot groups, comprised of 31.01%�?, 57.13%�?, 0.01% ?, 0% ?, 0.027% ??, 0.54%�??, 8.45%�??, and 2.83% ??? magnetic groups. (2) We also found that a total of 44,667 solar flares were observed in selected time intervals. Out of that total of 44,667 solar flares, only 24,031 (60.40%) flares have their solar active region, remaining flares have an unknown solar origin. Further investigation also shows that, out of 24,031 solar flares only 23,531 solar flares are associated with sunspot groups of different magnetic complexity (according to Hale magnetic classification). These sunspot groups are affiliated with the 2499 active regions. The investigated flares (sunspot-associated) database consists of 34.11% B-, 57.87% C-, 7.36% M-, and 0.63% X-class flares. Finally, we found that a higher percentage of the intense flares (M- and X-Class) are associated with the ??? type sunspot groups in solar cycles 23 and 24. We also observed that maximum X-class flares are associated with ??? sunspot groups during the peak of solar cycles 23 and 24. Whereas maximum B- and C-class flares are associated with ? sunspot groups during the ascending phase of each solar cycle. � Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2024.Item Intracranial aspergilloma in an immunocompetent geriatric patient: A diagnostic dilemma(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Sharma G.; Kumar A.; Singh A.[No abstract available]Item Sensing performance of Au-Ag bimetal coated planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer film for biosensing applications(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2024) Yadav D.; Kumar R.; Kumar S.; Sharma G.; Yadav G.C.; Singh V.Bimetal clad planar waveguide having polyaniline polymer as a guiding layer is proposed and studied for biosensing applications. The dispersion relation and reflectivity of the proposed sensor is obtained using transfer matrix method. The sensing performance and stability of proposed waveguide-based sensor is optimized using different volume fraction of Ag-Au bimetal. The volume fraction 1 represents pure Ag metal coating waveguide that shows maximum sensing performance in our all considered cases. In this case, maximum obtain sensitivity, detection accuracy and quality parameter is 74.140, 11.199 and 559.970�/RIU respectively, at the cover refractive index 1.410. Since, resonance angle and full width at half maxima of resonance peak decreases with increase of Ag metal percentage in Ag-Au bimetal therefore the presence of Au metal decreases the sensing performance of the sensor. Hence, a small volume fraction of Au metal is recommended for higher sensitivity with stability. � 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.Item Temporal evolution of opto-galvanic effect in normal glow discharge of argon(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Sharma R.C.; Das B.K.; Sharma G.; Saraswat V.K.; Thakur S.N.Argon (Ar) atomic gaseous normal glow discharge is generated using two electrodes in low pressure in vacuum condition. The rate of change is constant a steady state in normal glow discharge. The shock wave is generated using the resonant absorption or induced emission in plasma state. The change of impedance is measured in terms of current or voltage of normal glow discharge. The aim of the work is to measure temporal profile voltage signal with the ionization probability and life time of two state lower and upper excited state in the plasma, theoretically calculated and experimentally. Results have been studied using Nd-YAG laser pumped tunable dye laser at pulsed width 7 ns and repetition rate 10 Hz. The opto-galvanic effect (OGE) is observed in normal glow discharge using the induced absorption and emission in one and two photon transitions. The change of impedance of normal glow discharge have been studied in temporal profile experimentally and calculated theoretically. � 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item The intriguing role of IL33/ST2 axis signaling in oral diseases - A systematic review(Medical University of Bialystok, 2024) Kamboj M.; Keerthika R.; Narwal A.; Gupta A.; Devi A.; Kumar A.; Sharma G.Purpose: Oral diseases act as a silent epidemic, and the pathogenetic role of interleukin-33/suppression of tumorigenicity-2 axis (IL-33/ST2) remains unclear due to a lack of literature. This review has attempted to highlight the importance of this axis in oral diseases, which may be helpful in developing therapeutic modalities required to halt disease progression. Materials and methods: A thorough search was conducted using various databases. Original research articles that assessed both IL-33 and ST2 levels in oral diseases using different techniques were included in the review. The risk of bias for each study was analyzed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool and Review Manager 5.4 was used to output the results. Results: In the qualitative data synthesis we included 13 published articles. The most commonly used method was serum estimation, while methods with optimistic results were saliva, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The predominant mechanism of action was nuclear factor kappa B signaling and type 2 immune response. However, salivary gland epithelial cell activation, activation of mast cells, type 1 immune response, and upregulated angiogenesis are crucial in mediating IL-33/ST2 signaling in oral diseases. Conclusions: Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the IL-33/ST2 axis is a fundamental pathogenetic mechanism of oral diseases of inflammatory, autoimmune, or neoplastic origin. � 2024 Medical University of BialystokItem Variation in the Flaring Potential of Different Sunspot Groups During Different Phases of Solar Cycles 23 and 24(Institute of Physics, 2024) Singh A.; Chaudhari A.; Sharma G.; Singh A.K.In this present study, we have analyzed different types of X-ray solar flares (C, M, and X classes) coming out from different classes of sunspot groups (SSGs). The data which we have taken under this study cover the duration of 24 yr from 1996 to 2019. During this, we observed a total of 15015 flares (8417 in SC-23 and 6598 in SC-24) emitted from a total of 33780 active regions (21746 in SC-23 and 12034 in SC-24) with sunspot only. We defined the flaring potential or flare-production potential as the ratio of the total number of flares produced from a particular type of SSG to the total number of the same-class SSGs observed on the solar surface. Here we studied yearly changes in the flaring potential of different McIntosh class groups of sunspots in different phases of SC-23 and 24. In addition, we investigated yearly variations in the potential of producing flares by different SSGs (A, B, C, D, E, F, and H) during different phases (ascending, maximum, descending, and minimum) of SC-23 and 24. These are our findings: (1) D, E, and F SSGs have the potential of producing flares ?8 times greater than A, B, C and H SSGs; (2) The larger and more complex D, E, and F SSGs produced nearly 80% of flares in SC-23 and 24; (3) The A, B, C and H SSGs, which are smaller and simpler, produced only 20% of flares in SC-23 and 24; (4) The biggest and most complex SSGs of F-class have flaring potential 1.996 and 3.443 per SSG in SC-23 and 24, respectively. (5) The potential for producing flares in each SSG is higher in SC-24 than in SC-23, although SC-24 is a weaker cycle than SC-23. (6) The alterations in the number of flares (C+M+X) show different time profiles than the alterations in sunspot numbers during SC-23 and 24, with several peaks. (7) The SSGs of C, D, E, and H-class have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of both SC-23 and 24. (8) F-class SSGs have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of SC-23 but also in the maximum phase of SC-24. � 2024. National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd.
