Browsing by Author "Shikha K."

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    Components of slow disease development: a key to enhance resistance in crops
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2024) Shikha K.; Chand R.; Mishra N.K.; Singh S.; Sayiprathap B.R.; Nair R.M.; Singh A.K.
    Plant resistance is a result of interaction between host, pathogen, environment and temporal factors. Major or �R� gene resistance may break down following the emergence of virulent isolates of a pathogen. Limited durability of R genes has opened the door for the utilization of slow disease resistance in crop breeding. Plant pathogens with high reproduction ability exhibit greater genetic diversity leading to loss of major gene-based resistance. Consequently, minor genes-based resistance can be effectively employed against all the available virulent isolates within a pathogen population, including non-elicitor producing pathogens. Several researchers have identified valuable genetic sources by screening germplasm collections and characterizing genes conferring slow disease development. The identification and possible cloning or tagging of such genes obtained from crop wild relatives will create better opportunities for their use in crop improvement. Nevertheless, very little information is available about the nature of individual genes responsible for slow disease development. A thorough understanding of the nature of inheritance of slow disease resistance, interactions, and the possible breeding strategies to enhance resistance governed by slow disease components will help in breeding or developing resistant cultivars with enhanced yield. This review discusses the components of SDD in terms of identification, characterization, factors influencing it, and breeding strategies to enhance resistance governed by SDD components. Furthermore it emphasizes the importance of targeted breeding strategies to exploit the potential of SSD in developing cultivars with enhanced resistance and maintaining a good yield. � The Author(s) 2024.
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    Elucidating molecular diversity and grouping of Indian maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using SNP markers
    (Akademiai Kiado ZRt., 2024) Madankar K.; Shahi J.P.; Singh P.K.; KR Y.; Singamsetti A.; Nair S.K.; Bhatla A.; Shikha K.; Rakshit S.
    Information on genetic diversity and population structure in maize breeding lines can assist in selecting genetic resources and managing genetic variation in breeding programs. The ability to find ample single nucleotide polymorphisms in crops has recently been made possible by breakthroughs in sequencing technology. The present work is focused on the genetic diversity, population structure and clustering of 56 Indian maize inbreds using 1166 informative SNP markers. The inbreds were collected from eight different geographic locations across India. The average polymorphism information content, minor allele frequency and observed heterozygosity of the germplasm were 0.27, 0.25, and 0.10, respectively. The inbred lines were resolved into more meaningful groups based on the Bayesian structure model, Principal co-ordinate analysis, Neighbor-joining and Unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean clustering methods with slight variations in size and number. Inbreds maintained at the same geographical location were distributed into different clusters suggesting that classification based on geographical regions is ineffective. Additionally, information obtained from the study might be beneficial for grouping inbred lines into different heterotic groups and reducing cross-pollination between closely related lines. � Akad�miai Kiad� Zrt. 2023.