BHU Institutional Repository :: Browsing by Author "Singh, Anubhuti"

Browsing by Author "Singh, Anubhuti"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12

Biobased technologies for remediation: Green technology for environmental cleanup
(CRC Press, 2022) Singh, Anubhuti; Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Priyanka; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
[No abstract available]
Biodegradation of organic pollutants for its effective remediation from the environment and the role of various factors affecting the biodegradation process
(Elsevier, 2021) Singh, Anubhuti; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
In today�s era, there has been rising concern over danger in common fitness offered by the accessibility of organic pollutants in the environment due to various devastating anthropogenic activities to a larger degree and natural processes to a lesser degree. Numerous countries around the world are currently confronting problems due to these contaminants, as they are among the deadliest emerging threats for the fitted survival of well-being. Remedying the contaminated locations by the process of biodegradation is a worthwhile practicable option, as conventional physico-chemical methods for remediation seem challenging from both technical and economical viewpoints. Biodegradation is environmentally friendly and non-offensive, and it could be cost-effective in the elimination of organic hydrocarbon pollutants. It is a well-thought-out and well-defined mechanism for the removal of contaminants. Nevertheless, existing biodegradation tactics suffer from various limitations, including the type and nature of pollutants, poor competences of microbiological communities in the field, the lesser bioavailability of pollutants, and different growth conditions, such as temperature, pressure, electrons, and availability. Research and knowledge about the factors influencing microbial degradation are increasing in the present scenario. This chapter selectively examines and provides a critical view on the bioavailability of the substrates, microorganisms in the degradation of organic pollutants, and the most prominent factors affecting the biodegradation of these pollutants. � 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Green-synthesized nanoparticles for treatment of wastewater: An environmentally sustainable pollution remediation technology
(Elsevier, 2021) Patel, Amit Kumar; Gupta, Deepak; Singh, Anubhuti; Mishra, Virendra Kumar; Sharma, Naveen Kumar
Water is vital for life on Earth, and its unavailability or poor quality has severe consequences for all aspects of human life, including food, health, and environment. Anthropogenic activities have caused widespread pollution of water resources worldwide. Although some remediation methods and techniques have been developed, considering the extent, quantity, and varied nature of pollutants, new and sustainable technologies are urgent needed to remediate polluted water and wastewater. In recent times, the use of nanomaterials for the treatment of wastewater has gained considerable importance owing to their high accuracy and precise remediation. Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit enhanced chemical reactivity, high surface area, lower costs and energy requirements, and efficient regeneration for reuse, making them ideal materials for wastewater treatment. The conventional method of NP production is hazardous, and application of volatile chemicals results in secondary pollution, yet biogenic NPs are inexpensive and environmentally safe. Plants, bacteria, algae, and fungi produce a range of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, polymers, proteins, and numerous antioxidants that are effectively used as capping and stabilizing agents in NP synthesis. In this chapter, we discuss the synthesis of biogenic NPs from different organisms and their potential applications in wastewater remediation. Moreover, to supplement the existing research gaps, different strategies are also recommended. � 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Hexavalent Cr, Its Toxicity and Removal Strategy: Revealing PGPB Potential in Its Remediation
(Institute for Ionics, 2023) Gupta, Akanksha; Singh, Anubhuti; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
Contamination of soil through hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) has increased rapidly during the last few decades. Cr (VI) is a bio-accumulative hazardous metal that can lead to harmful health effects on human being. Several treatment technologies have been used for the treatment of Cr, however, most of them are having some serious limitations. Biological Cr-removal can replace existing physicochemical approaches. The usefulness of phytoremediation in contaminated settings is limited by the sluggish growth rate of plants and low metal absorption. This situation could be mitigated and phytoremediation efficiency can be accelerated by introducing chromium-resistant plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB). PGPB inoculation may promote plant growth by producing growth-promoting chemicals and heavy metal remediation by secreting chelating agents, acidification, and redox alterations. Bacterial inoculation improved metal tolerance and absorption through modulating metal transporter, tolerant, and chelator genes. To decrease the harmful impacts brought about by high metal concentrations, PGPB application has shown great potential. The precise molecular mechanism of PGPR-mediated phytoremediation of heavy metals and the stimulation of plant development, however, is little understood. In addition to illuminating the mechanisms underlying plant metal accumulation, this review includes information on the characteristics and mechanisms that PGPB possesses to enhance plant metal tolerance and growth. We evaluated several recent studies of chromium phytoremediation, augmenting the phytoremediation of chromium through PGPB. Examining the possible contribution of bacteria that promote plant growth in microbe-assisted phytoremediation is the goal of this review. The molecular processes by which PGPB strains promote plant development and clean the soil contaminated with chromium are well described in the present review. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Hydrochemical assessment of groundwater quality in the Narmada River Basin (Central India)
(IWA Publishing, 2023) Gupta, Deepak; Chaudhary, Supriya; Singh, Anubhuti; Shukla, Reetika; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
This study details the hydrochemical characterization and human health risk assessment of groundwater in the Narmada River Basin. The study was performed based on data collected from 305 groundwater sample stations in the Narmada River Basin. Hydrochemical evaluation illustrated that cationic ions in the upper and middle Narmada Basin were dominated by Ca2�; however, in the lower basin it was dominated by Na� ions. Similarly, anionic ions were dominated by HCO3- throughout the basin. A Chadha plot drawn from the collected data inferred that most groundwater belonged to the recharge water category (Ca-Mg-HCO3 type). Base-exchange indices of the collected data confirmed the presence of Na�-SO42- type of groundwater. Meteoric genesis indices indicated deep meteoric percolation groundwater. Further, Gibbs plots categorized groundwater samples in the rock dominated section, while chloro-alkaline indices confirmed direct as well as reverse ion-exchange reactions governing groundwater quality. Water Quality Index values showed that groundwater ranged from excellent to very poor. Human health risk of the Narmada River confirmed the non-carcinogenic risk for Nitrate (NO3-) and Fluoride (F-) ions. However, several indices justified that groundwater was ideal for irrigation. However, groundwater treatment is recommended before direct consumption such as drinking. � 2023 The Authors.
Impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystem
(Elsevier, 2021) Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Anubhuti; Singh, Priyanka; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
Water is the critical ingredient to all life on the earth, and it is without substitutes. With increasing demands and only a limited supply, freshwater is becoming more and more difficult to come by. Climate change can be defined as the change in time variation of weather over a time period. It is caused due to increasing the temperature, evaporation, precipitation, wind, and variation in solar radiation and human activities also identify the cause of climate change. Climate change identifies one of the major global challenges in the 21st century and its effects on the availability of freshwater. There are several effects of climate changes such as the increase in temperature (increase rate of evaporation, forest fire), melting of ice (increase in flood, adverse effect the migration of fishes) and sea-level rise, the decline in freshwater availability. Many studies have shown climatic change and its impact on the availability of freshwater. The freshwater ecosystem is warming, acidifying, and deoxygenating the consequences of climate change. It experiences low oxygen demands, low pH, and thermal stratification of freshwater. � 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Impact of climate change on water quality and its assessment
(Elsevier, 2022) Yadava, Pramod Kumar; Kumar, Harshbardhan; Singh, Anubhuti; Kumar, Vinod; Verma, Sunita
Worldwide changes in climatic conditions are encouraged by increase in the concentration of Green House Gases (GHGs), are widely perceptible in terms of continuous changing patterns of superficial temperature, rainfall pattern, wind-flow patterns, radiations, and other life-threatening weather conditions. With a wider consent from the regional and global scientific communities, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has indisputably summarized that kind of fact. Therefore, in this ongoing era of global climate-change, the assessment of probable impact on water and its quality, being the most prominent and reliable resource for human existence, become a significant task. Lots of assessment and review study have been reported on the possible impact of climate-change on water cycling and precipitation pattern. Recently, in-situ quality assessment, satellite observational assessment, and modeling simulation studies are in progress to assess the possible impact of climate change on the quality of available water. These studies mostly reported that the rising temperature and hence changing climatic conditions are capable of varying the ecological balance of water as well its qualitative contents either by its indirect impact or by direct impact by performing various biochemical alternations, as the rise in the water temperature and changes in extremes like flash-flood worsen various reasons of pollution caused in water bodies. In a natural water system, sediment load, nutrients availability, dissolved organic carbon, and essential zoo planktonic community are found to be in a delicate balance. Change in the flow pattern and thus augmentation in nutrients concentration, predictable variation in climatic phenomenon leads to periodic phytoplankton blossoms and alteration of the ecological tropical balance. The resultant dissolved oxygen (DO) level is varied constantly and algal-blooms may range to the perilous level to affect negatively. In addition, melting glaciers and consequent rising levels of the sea are expected to encompass the zones of salinization toward freshwater resources, which results in the reduction in available freshwater resources in the coastal areas. Additionally, variations in the qualitative value of water are predictable to affect nutriment accessibility, steadiness, access, and consumption. All these detrimental effects of changing climate hence water quality can adversely impact food security and hence enhancing the vulnerability of the agriculturalists and civilizations of our rural culture surviving in arid regions like Asian and African deltas (IPCC, Technical report on climate change and water, June 2008). � 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Occurrence, Fate, and Remediation of Arsenic
(wiley, 2021) Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Anubhuti; Shukla, Reetika; Karwadiya, Jayant; Gupta, Ankita; Naheed, Anam; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
The contamination of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by arsenic (As) is a very sensitive environmental issue due to its adverse impact on organisms. Although arsenic contamination is not only of anthropogenic origin, the problem of arsenic contamination in water sources in many areas has been considered calamitous because of its significant risk to different organisms. Many of the organisms are already suffering from the irreversible effects of arsenic poisoning. The disposal of industrial and mining waste has led to extensive contamination of land and water resources. It also causes a potential problem for food chain contamination. Awareness of arsenic poisoning to the mass majority of people has led to the development of efficient remediation technologies for its mitigation. There are many strategies for remediation such as coagulation-flocculation, membrane techniques, nanoparticles, and many more. In this chapter, different sources of arsenic contamination, health effects, and important management strategies currently being practiced for arsenic-contaminated areas (surface and groundwater) are shown. The chapter concludes with different remediation techniques for the removal of arsenic contaminants from water systems, and some are evolving as alternative green techniques. � 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
Organic pollutants in groundwater resource
(wiley, 2021) Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Anubhuti; Singh, Priyanka; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
This chapter reviews the occurrence of groundwater contaminants, including natural and manmade. Contaminants found in groundwater cover a broad range of physical, inorganic, and organic chemicals and radioactive parameters. The increasing trends of industrial effluents, including municipal sewage, are the main sources for organic contaminants in groundwater. In order to reduce the level of contamination, plans can be developed to combat the menace. The present study discusses the sources of contaminants, their movement, and remedial measures to stop further groundwater contamination in India. There is also a need to establish low-cost remediation methods to enable more reliable remediation to solve groundwater contamination problems, as it reduces the possibility of negative impacts of contaminants to a level that is not harmful to human health. � 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
Overview of sources, fate, and Impact of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in environment and assessment of their Regulatory Policies across different Continents
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Singh, Anubhuti; Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Priyanka; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
Under the present research we have reviewed the sources, fate of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) and its impact on the health of both human and the environment. Followed by this we examine the regulatory frameworks and policies from different continents across the world to identify those with the capacity to address EDCs. Data derived from experiments and epidemiological studies of EDCs demonstrated the negative impact of EDCs on organisms like humans and other animals even at very low concentration ranging from nano to micro grams per liter. As a result of a lack of efficient management and remediation operations these compounds are increasing consistently into the environment. Furthermore, a critical examination of the existing legal framework regarding use of EDCs revealed the presence of weak, vague and insufficient regulations worldwide. It also revealed that most of the substantial rules, regulation and legal framework are available only in developed nations like USA, Canada, Australia, Japan, South Korea and different countries of European Union. Handful information has been developed in some nations with transitional economies; essentially little or no information on EDCs was available from developing countries. � 2023 The Author(s)
Persistence of pesticides and their impacts on human health and environment
(Elsevier, 2022) Singh, Priyanka; Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Anubhuti; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
Pesticide is a complex word that encompasses all compounds which are applied to destroy or regulate pests, which include insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. Pesticide is one of the intensive anthropogenic sources of pollution in the environment which affects the population of flora and fauna and ultimately negatively affects human health. Many researchers have demonstrated about different pesticides and their metabolites, even they can be accumulated in the food products during the exposure for the long time and in multiple manners, transmitted through the food chain, accumulate in the human body and thereby affects the genetic status and health of the population. This chapter focuses on pesticide exposure during the pregnancy which is thought to adversely affect fetal growth, which in turn may impact child growth. An increasing body of evidence indicates the prenatal exposure to various environmental chemicals which may have been liked to interfere with nano development even causes lasting effects throughout the life course. One of the primary sponsors of the green revolution was finding ways to improve and use safe pesticides to control the wide range of herbal and insects, which negatively affects the quantity and quality of world food production. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The Fate of Organic Pollutants and Their Microbial Degradation in Water Bodies
(wiley, 2021) Singh, Gurudatta; Singh, Anubhuti; Singh, Priyanka; Shukla, Reetika; Tripathi, Shashank; Mishra, Virendra Kumar
Globally, organic substances are one of the major pollutants in the contamination of water bodies. Some of the major sources of organic pollutants are domestic sewage, industrial effluent from various industries like the pharmaceutical industry, pulp and paper, coalmines, food processing, fertilizers, and agricultural run-off containing pesticides. Input from these sources leads to changes in the physicochemical properties of water bodies, thereby putting stress on aquatic ecosystems or water bodies. These changes induce a change in pH, temperature, total suspended solids (TSSs), total dissolved solids (TDSs), dissolved oxygen (DO), and other properties. Previous studies revealed that biodegradable compounds tend to deplete DO content of a water body. Organic contaminants are degraded in water bodies through various transformation processes in the natural environment such as photodegradation, biodegradation, microbial degradation, and enzymatic degradation. The present chapter describes various sources and types of organic pollutants, associated problems, and different methods of pollutant removal with a special emphasis on microbial degradation. Some advanced and efficient technologies such as photocatalytic degradation and advanced oxidation technologies are discussed. During the past few decades, the natural attenuation method has generally been used for pollutant removal, which is a combination of chemical and biological processes. Changing environmental conditions during the natural attenuation process results in the acceleration of pollutant degrading microbial communities with special reference to the emerging contaminant (EC). The biodegradation pattern of such contaminations is not yet understood, and thus, provides a good scope for the inculcation of different methods, which could prove to be sustainable and energy-efficient. Organic pollutants are naturally degraded into the environment, however, degradation always has a certain upper limit, which seems to be passed under current environmental conditions. This phenomenon may result in an increase of organic contaminants into water bodies. Therefore, utmost care is required before the discharge of organic pollutants into water bodies. � 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.

Browsing by Author "Singh, Anubhuti"

Results Per Page

Sort Options