Browsing by Author "Singh, Bansh Narayan"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    How the soil nitrogen nutrient promotes plant growth�a critical assessment
    (Elsevier, 2022) Singh, Ankita; Hidangmayum, Akash; Tiwari, Pushpendra; kumar, Vivek; Singh, Bansh Narayan; Dwivedi, Padmanabh
    Nitrogen is a principal constituent of proteins, amino acids, and nucleotides involved in several physiological responses like seed germination, root growth, flowering, and crop production. The plant required N in the form of NO3? or/and NH4+ for high-yield crop production. The mechanism of root adaptation is varied in the supply of N forms, and concentration has been well characterized and demonstrated. However, the effects of soil N concentration on plant development and yield production are limited and widely diverse in the literature. In this review, we summarize the role of forms of nitrogen and plant growth-promoting microbes as a biofertilizer whose implementation in fields shapes plant development and crop production. The presence of external NO3? induces a family of nitrate and ammonium transporters genes and provokes lateral root differentiation. But contrast, excess N supply could suppress the root differentiation and expression of nitrate transporters. The effects of biofertilizer in the presence of nitrate supply showed a similar response as demand for low N supply. Therefore, optimum management of N is needed to minimize N losses in soil and gain maximum crop outcome. There are several approaches, such as soil monitoring, tissue N analysis, and crop-based methods can contribute to balancing N in the soil-crop-atmosphere. The implementation of such packages, when combined with biofertilizer, irrigation requirements, and soil N monitoring methods, is vital for well-organized N management with minimizing N loss to the environment. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Interference of Climate Change on Plant-Microbe Interaction: Present and Future Prospects
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Sharma, Binny; Singh, Bansh Narayan; Dwivedi, Padmanabh; Rajawat, Mahendra Vikram Singh
    Plant mutualistic association with various beneficial microbes is referred to as the plant enhancer microbiome. These microbes are found either in episphere or endosphere of the plant tissues. Several pieces of evidence have highlighted that plant microbiomes and soil play a pivotal role in making soil nutrient balance which is readily available to plants and provide strength under various stresses. Recently different technologies relevant to plant microbiome and diversity such as sequencing technologies, metagenomics, and bioinformatics have been utilized. Knowledge about factors that shape the composition of plant microbes is still less explored. Here, current insights into the issues driving the above/below plant microbial diversities are explored. Primarily, we address the distribution of microbial communities above and below ground across plant habitats that has benefitted plants. Microbial communities are efficient regulators of biogeochemical cycle which is a better approach to mitigate changing climatic patterns aids in proper utilization of greenhouse gases for their metabolic mechanisms. The present review is thereby significant for assessing microbiome mitigation toward climate change and multiple avenues of plant- microbe interaction under commuting climatic scenario. Finally, we summarize factors that promote the structure and composition of the plant microbiome. Copyright � 2022 Sharma, Singh, Dwivedi and Rajawat.
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    Mitigation of heat stress responses in crops using nitrate primed seeds
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Kumar, Vivek; Dwivedi, Padmanabh; Kumar, Prasann; Singh, Bansh Narayan; Pandey, Devendra Kumar; Kumar, Vijay; Bose, Bandana
    Exhaustion of natural sources due to expanding usage leads to an increase in global temperature. Heat stress and rising CO2 severely impact crop growth and catastrophic loss of agriculture ecosystem, productivity and quality. The physiological and metabolic processes of plants are affected by heat stress due to denatured proteins, lipid structure, alteration in membrane integrity and inactivation of enzymes incurred at various growth stages. To diminish heat stress losses in plants, many techniques such as conventional breeding, genetic engineering, molecular breeding were used by the agriculturists, which helped develop tolerant varieties of crops with increased quality and production. Recent advancement in seed priming has many fold impacts such as mitigation of stress via improving tolerance mechanisms in plants, reduction in soil and water pollution, improved production and food quality of important agriculture crops. It is one of the low-cost, reliable and profitable crop improvement techniques. Nitrates have several roles in modulating the plant processes. Priming with nitrate salts improves nitrate reductase and amylase activity, nitrogen, amino acid and chlorophyll content in leaves, causes increase in proline, sugar content, antioxidant metabolism, grain yield, protein and nutrient content in various crops. Despite positive responses of nitrate seed priming, this technology has been less applied in the area of crop production in the field condition. Considering these facts, this review depicts responses of the plants under heat stress and their management through nitrate seed priming. � 2021 SAAB
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    Physiological mechanisms and adaptation strategies of plants under nutrient deficiency and toxicity conditions
    (Elsevier, 2021) Kumari, Asha; Sharma, Binny; Singh, Bansh Narayan; Hidangmayum, Akash; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Chandra, Kailash; Singhal, Rajesh Kumar; Sathyanarayana, Eetela; Patra, Abhik; Mohapatra, Kiran Kumar
    Presently, the world is suffering from the declining trend of crop yields globally, making food security a major challenge. The limited availability of arable land and water resources has made this challenge even bigger. Recent research-based studies depict that, in many developing countries, poor soil fertility, lower availability of mineral nutrients in soil, improper nutrient management, along with the lack of plant genotypes having high tolerance to nutrient deficiencies or toxicities are major constraints leading to food insecurity, malnutrition (i.e., micronutrient deficiencies), and degradation of ecosystem. It has been stated that 60% of our cultivated soils have growth-limiting problems with deficiencies and toxicities of available mineral nutrients. About 50% of the world population suffers from micronutrient deficiencies that make mineral nutrition studies a major promising area in meeting the global demand for sufficient food production with enhanced nutritional value. Integration of plant adaptation strategies in such soils using genetics and plant breeding and molecular biology is indispensable in developing plant genotypes with high genetic potential to acclimatize such nutrient-deficient and toxic soil conditions to translocate more micronutrients into edible plant parts such as cereal grains. Thus, plant nutrition research provides invaluable information, which is highly useful in elimination of these constraints, and leads to sustain the food security and well-being of humans without harming the environment. Keeping all these points in mind this chapter helps in understanding the mechanisms and strategies of plant in nutrient-deficient and toxic soil conditions. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Trichoderma-Induced Promotion of Nitrogen Use Efficiency is Mediated by Nitric Oxide Generation Leading to Improved Growth and Yield in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Plants
    (Springer, 2023) Singh, Bansh Narayan; Dwivedi, Padmanabh
    Trichoderma spp. are considered in the category of biofertilizer microbes that have ability to increase nutrient uptake capacity and contribute in plant development. In the present investigation, recruitment of Trichoderma asperellum T42 with pea seeds increased total nitrogen uptake efficiency that promoted root traits, total biomass and yield. Molecular evidences revealed that T42 interaction with plant roots enhanced nitric oxide (NO) generation at 40, 70 and 90�days involved in several plant physiological processes. Interestingly, these growth parameters were elevated higher when plants were fed with nitrate nutrient as compared to ammonium fed condition at 40 and 70�days. NO generation in nitrogen nutrient confirmed that NO generation was produced via nitrate reductase (NR) dependent pathway. Several nitrate and ammonium transporters help increase in situ NO generation and contributed to increased lateral root initiation, in pea. Higher expression of nitrate transporter (NRT) genes in response to Trichoderma recruitment in nitrate fed condition and suppressive expression effect of ammonium transporter (AMT1.1) suggested that NRTs have more affinity for NO3? acquisition through pea roots. Among the NRTs, NRT2.1 and NRT1.2 were more upregulated as compared to control plant roots. Overall, our findings suggested that Trichoderma recruitment with pea seeds improved plant growth and yield, particularly more in nitrate fed condition providing insight of the strategy for not only pea but probably for other commercial leguminous crops which suffer from fluctuating nitrate availability in soil. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Underlying forces of plant microbiome and their effect on plant development
    (Elsevier, 2022) Singh, Ankita; Hidangmayum, Akash; Yashu, Bhudeo Rana; Kumar, Vivek; Singh, Bansh Narayan; Dwivedi, Padmanabh
    Bacteria had arisen a long time before the development of multicellular eukaryotic organisms, and they are quickly adapted in a new niche. Nearly all lower and higher microorganisms belong to taxa have mutualistic symbiosis association with microorganisms. It is believed that they have co-evolved with their microbiota based on its functions ability like metabolism, nutrition, and immunity. They colonize in the different compartment of plant that contains the second plant�s genome. It has impressive functional ability to enhance plant growth development and crop production in the current resilient climatic challenges. Therefore, it is need to seek the diversity of plant microbiome and bring to in agricultural practice. Several approaches have been implemented to improve microbiome existence. In another way, the microbial consortium can be applied; however, innovative approaches in the field is urgently required. New, useful and smart knowledge would be preferred for selection of microorganisms, and their delivery method and formulations. Though, plant genotype variation and farming practices influencing the plant microbiome communities and their functioning. Therefore, the selection of appropriate plant breeding and cropping practices leading to improved microbiome-based plant development and crop production. Several studies have heightened that plant-microbe interactions not only improved plant growth and health but also for sustainable crop production in the changing environmental scenario. This research topic covers information about plant microbiome status, functionalities, and their implementation in agricultural practices, and focuses on information gaps in this emerging research fields. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.