Browsing by Author "Singh, Dheeraj K."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Fungal endophytes as efficient sources of plant-derived bioactive compounds and their prospective applications in natural product drug discovery: Insights, avenues, and challenges
    (MDPI AG, 2021) Singh, Archana; Singh, Dheeraj K.; Kharwar, Ravindra N.; White, James F.; Gond, Surendra K.
    Fungal endophytes are well-established sources of biologically active natural compounds with many producing pharmacologically valuable specific plant-derived products. This review details typical plant-derived medicinal compounds of several classes, including alkaloids, couma-rins, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, phenylpropanoids, quinones, saponins, terpenoids, and xan-thones that are produced by endophytic fungi. This review covers the studies carried out since the first report of taxol biosynthesis by endophytic Taxomyces andreanae in 1993 up to mid-2020. The article also highlights the prospects of endophyte-dependent biosynthesis of such plant-derived pharmacologically active compounds and the bottlenecks in the commercialization of this novel approach in the area of drug discovery. After recent updates in the field of �omics� and �one strain many compounds� (OSMAC) approach, fungal endophytes have emerged as strong unconven-tional source of such prized products. � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Isolation and purification of bioactive metabolites from an endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum of Azadirachta indica
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Kumari, Puja; Singh, Arti; Singh, Dheeraj K.; Sharma, Vijay K.; Kumar, Jitendra; Gupta, Vijai Kumar; Bhattacharya, S.; Kharwar, R.N.
    Endophytic fungi are the plant symbiont with highly diverse nature and poorly defined ecological importance in host fitness. Although there are the reports on the isolation and characterization of fungal endophytes from a variety of hosts, there is still no report of Penicillium citrinum from Azadirachta indica. In this study, an endophytic P. citrinum was isolated from A. indica. The purified fraction of secondary metabolites was characterized by combining TLC, GC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses. The TLC purified fraction was identified as milbemycin. The pure fraction did not show any antioxidant activity while crude extract showed strong antioxidant activity (DPPH inhibition capacity; IC50 = 52.13 ?g ml?1). The secondary metabolites displayed significant antimicrobial activity against human's pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The inhibition zones between 15 and 20 mm were recorded against Gram +ve Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Gram�ve Aeromonas hydrophila, while maximum inhibition of 29 mm was observed against Trichophyton mentagrophytes. P. citrinum can be a promising fungus that has broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and may provide future insight towards the production of bioactive compounds. � 2021 SAAB