Browsing by Author "Singh, Harikesh Bahadur"
Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Publication Belowground fungal volatiles perception in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) facilitates plant growth under biotic stress(Elsevier GmbH, 2021) Singh, Jyoti; Singh, Prachi; Vaishnav, Anukool; Ray, Shatrupa; Rajput, Rahul Singh; Singh, Shiv Mohan; Singh, Harikesh BahadurMicrobial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) have great potential in plant ecophysiology, yet the role of belowground VOCs in plant stress management remains largely obscure. Analysis of biocontrol producing VOCs into the soil allow detailed insight into their interaction with soil borne pathogens for plant disease management. A root interaction trial was set up to evaluate the effects of VOCs released from Trichoderma viride BHU-V2 on soil-inhabiting fungal pathogen and okra plant growth. VOCs released into soil by T. viride BHU-V2 inhibited the growth of collar rot pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. Okra plants responded to VOCs by increasing the root growth (lateral roots) and total biomass content. VOCs exposure increased defense mechanism in okra plants by inducing different enzyme activities i.e. chitinase (0.89 fold), ?-1,3-glucanase (0.42 fold), peroxidase (0.29 fold), polyphenol oxidase (0.33 fold) and phenylalanine lyase (0.7 fold) when inoculated with S. rolfsii. In addition, T. viride BHU-V2 secreted VOCs reduced lipid peroxidation and cell death in okra plants under pathogen inoculated condition. GC/MS analysis of VOCs blend revealed that T. viride BHU-V2 produced more number of antifungal compounds in soil medium as compared to standard medium. Based on the above observations it is concluded that okra plant roots perceive VOCs secreted by T. viride BHU-V2 into soil that involved in induction of plant defense system against S. rolfsii. In an ecological context, the findings reveal that belowground microbial VOCs may play an important role in stress signaling mechanism to interact with plants. � 2021Publication Biochar-Mediated Suppression of Soil-Borne Pathogens in Agronomically Important Crops: An Outlook(Springer Nature, 2023) Ilyas, Talat; Malviya, Deepti; Shafi, Zaryab; Shahid, Mohammad; Vishwakarma, Shailesh K.; Yadav, Bavita; Singh, Udai B.; Rai, Jai P.; Singh, Harikesh Bahadur; Singh, Harsh V.Biochar is solid produce acquired by the heating of biological or carbon-based material in the complete or fractional presence of oxygen and is used as a soil amendment. The numerous valuable properties of biochar on the physical, biological, and chemical properties of soil as well as on plant condition and improvement are extensively acknowledged. The amendment of biochar has also been frequently debated for its properties of suppression of diseases. Nevertheless, the principal mechanisms for these properties are extremely complex and generally unidentified. It is anticipated that the composition of plant root exudate that alters the biochemical and microbial properties in the soil and the stimulation of defense mechanisms of plants due to the amendments of biochar are some critical reasons influencing pathogenic dominance. Further comprehensive studies are required for understanding the detailed connections of plant-pathogen coordination with various types of biochar that will support accomplishing maximum aid of biochar addition for the protection of plants from numerous soil-borne pathogens. In this chapter, the perspective of biochar for the regulation of pathogenic diseases is discussed, specifically the communications with plant pathogenic fungi under contradictory environmental circumstances. It is concluded that the amendment of biochar with soil could be an encouraging approach for the combined management of pests and pathogens. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.Publication Deciphering plant-microbe crosstalk through proteomics studies(Elsevier GmbH, 2021) Jain, Akansha; Singh, Harikesh Bahadur; Das, SampaProteomic approaches are being used to elucidate a better discretion of interactions occurring between host, pathogen, and/or beneficial microorganisms at the molecular level. Application of proteomic techniques, unravel pathogenicity, stress-related, and antioxidant proteins expressed amid plant-microbe interactions and good information have been generated. It is being perceived that a fine regulation of protein expression takes place for effective pathogen recognition, induction of resistance, and maintenance of host integrity. However, our knowledge of molecular plant-microbe interactions is still incomplete and inconsequential. This review aims to provide insight into numerous ways used for proteomic investigation including peptide/protein identification, separation, and quantification during host defense response. Here, we highlight the current progress in proteomics of defense responses elicited by bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens in plants along with which the proteome level changes induced by beneficial microorganisms are also discussed. � 2020Publication Extending the benefits of PGPR to bioremediation of nitrile pollution in crop lands for enhancing crop productivity(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Vaishnav, Anukool; Kumar, Roshan; Singh, Harikesh Bahadur; Sarma, Birinchi KumarIncessant release of nitrile group of compounds such as cyanides into agricultural land through industrial effluents and excessive use of nitrile pesticides has resulted in increased nitrile pollution. Release of nitrile compounds (NCs) as plant root exudates is also contributing to the problem. The released NCs interact with soil elements and persists for a long time. Persistent higher concentration of NCs in soil cause toxicity to beneficial microflora and affect crop productivity. The NCs can cause more problems to human health if they reach groundwater and enter the food chain. Nitrile degradation by soil bacteria can be a solution to the problem if thoroughly exploited. However, the impact of such bacteria in plant and soil environments is still not properly explored. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with nitrilase activity has recently gained attention as potential solution to address the problem. This paper reviews the core issue of nitrile pollution in soil and the prospects of application of nitrile degrading bacteria for soil remediation, soil health improvement and plant growth promotion in nitrile-polluted soils. The possible mechanisms of PGPR that can be exploited to degrade NCs, converting them into plant useful compounds and synthesis of the phytohormone IAA from degraded NCs are also discussed at length. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.Publication Influence of Seed Biopriming and Vermiwash Treatment on Tomato Plant's Immunity and Nutritional Quality upon Sclerotium rolfsii Challenge Inoculation(Springer, 2021) Rajput, Rahul Singh; Singh, Jyoti; Singh, Prachi; Vaishnav, Anukool; Singh, Harikesh BahadurTomato is an important nutritional vegetable crop and its nutrient contents are affected by both biotic and abiotic stresses. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of seed biopriming with Trichoderma pseudokoningii BHUR2 and vermiwash treatment on nutrient content of tomato and defense response against Sclerotium rolfsii under heat stress condition. The combined application of T. pseudokoningii BHUR2 and vermiwash increased fresh weight of root (4.8-fold) and shoot (5.8-fold), dry weight of root (6.9-fold) and shoot (6.4-fold) and number of fruits per plant (4.2-fold) as compared to control under S. rolfsii inoculated condition. Plants treated with T. pseudokoningii BHUR2 and vermiwash exhibited higher defense response against S. rolfsii, mediated by higher activity of superoxide dismutase (3.57-fold), peroxidase (2.05-fold) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (2.98-fold) enzymes and accumulation of total phenol content (5.35-fold) as compared to control plants. In addition, combined treatment was found to have a positive impact on nutritional status (N, P, K and Ca and lycopene, total soluble sugar and total protein) in tomato fruit. These results suggest potential of T. pseudokoningii BHUR2 and vermiwash in enhancing tomato immunity against S. rolfsii under heat stress condition, which was due to (1) induction in the antioxidant activity and phenylpropanoid pathway, which minimize oxidative damage and reduce pathogen infection and (2) significant improvement in nutrient content leads to better plant growth. The formulation of Trichoderma BHUR2 can be used for field application to mitigate heat stress in plants. � 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Publication Killed fungal pathogen triggers antifungal metabolites in Alcaligenes faecalis for plant defense(Academic Press, 2023) Ray, Shatrupa; Singh, Prachi; Singh, Jyoti; Singh, Surendra; Sarma, Birinchi Kumar; Singh, Harikesh BahadurSclerotium rolfsii is a broad host necrotrophic pathogen causing serious damages in crop yields. Apart from chemical fungicides being used to control this pathogen, no bio-fungicides have been reported till date. In this study, we have tried to utilize heat killed S. rolfsii hyphae for triggering biosynthesis of antifungal compounds in the endophytic bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis BHU 12. The endophytic bacterial cell free supernatant (CFS) obtained by growing BHU 12 in presence of freeze-crushed and autoclaved S. rolfsii hyphae caused prominent S. rolfsii hyphal degeneration and inhibition of sclerotial germination under in vitro conditions. This result was further corroborated under in planta conditions wherein spraying of the CFS at the point of infection inhibited further pathogen ingress. This observation was justified by the presence of gallic and shikimic acid in the CFS which served as antifungal agent and augmentor of plant defense system respectively. Infected plants sprayed with the CFS were found to display a prominent increase in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and a corresponding increase in total phenolics. In this context, our results described the possible alternative of using endophytic bacterial metabolite compounds as biofungicides. A simultaneous augmentation in seed germination upon treatment with the CFS suggests a possibility of using endophytic bacterial supernatants as biocontrol and biofertilizer alternative instead of whole bacterial cell since indigenous soil microbiota combined with cumbersome inoculation techniques prevents successful colonization of endophytic microbes in planta. � 2023 Elsevier LtdPublication Microbial Management of Fusarium Wilt in Banana: A Comprehensive Overview(Springer Nature, 2023) Shafi, Zaryab; Ilyas, Talat; Shahid, Mohammad; Vishwakarma, Shailesh K.; Malviya, Deepti; Yadav, Bavita; Sahu, Pramod K.; Singh, Udai B.; Rai, Jai P.; Singh, Harikesh Bahadur; Singh, Harsh V.Globally, the production of bananas (Musa sp. L.) often suffers from various environmental challenges. Among them, biotic stress-induced disease caused by phytopathogenic soil microorganisms is the most threatening factor. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Foc Tropical Race 4 (Foc-TR4) is an important soilborne fungus triggering the severe disease, Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) in bananas. Following infection in a wide variety of bananas, strain Foc-TR4 harshly reduced their cultivation. Herein, we have summarized the present scenario of Fusarium wilt disease. Numerous challenges have been proposed by researchers to control the Panama disease as well as to improve banana production. Primarily aiming at increasing disease tolerance to bananas and improving their cultivation, various management strategies like crop rotation, burning of rice husks, biological soil disinfection, and use of chemical fungicides have been developed. However, these chemical and cultural practices have several drawbacks and therefore not often used. Plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria offer one of the most environmentally friendly, effective, safe, and economically sound solution to combat the Panama disease. Apart from growth promotion, this PGPR prevents phyto-pathogen-induced diseases. The recent chapter highlights the utilization of beneficial and antagonistic PGPR and their efficacy against diseases, and bacterial-mediated mechanisms involved in managing Panama disease. Induced systemic resistance (ISR), production of antibiotics, extracellular enzymes, cyanogenic compounds, siderophores, and other antifungal metabolites are the main mechanisms involved in PGPR-induced disease suppression. It will be possible to build or select sustainable management techniques to prevent or aid to minimize Fusarium wilt incidence in banana plantations using the scientific knowledge gathered in this research. The use of indigenous PGP rhizobacteria in plant disease control is gaining popularity as environmental and health concerns underscore the need for a more sustainable agriculture system. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.Publication New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and bioengineering: Sustainable agriculture: Revitalization through organic products(Elsevier, 2022) Singh, Harikesh Bahadur; Vaishnav, AnukoolNew and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Sustainable Agriculture: Revitalization through Organic Products provides a comprehensive overview of different organic products which work as plant biostimulants, i.e., protein hydrolysates, chitosan, microbial derived exopolysaccharides, pectin, nanoparticles, etc. In addition, detailed insights in their mechanisms for plant growth promotion and stress alleviation are covered. This volume further discusses the extraction and formulation of organic products for use in sustainable agriculture. The application of microbial derived secondary metabolites in crop protection is also extensively covered. This book will be ideal for agrochemists, biotechnologists, biochemists, industrialists, researchers and scientists working on organic farming. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Publication Phytomicrobiome Interactions and Sustainable Agriculture(wiley, 2021) Verma, Amit; Saini, Jitendra Kumar; Hesham, Abd El-Latif; Singh, Harikesh BahadurA guide to the role microbes play in the enhanced production and productivity of agriculture to feed our growing population Phytomicrobiome Interactions and Sustainable Agriculture offers an essential guide to the importance of �Phytomicrobiome� and explores its various components. The authors � noted experts on the topic � explore the key benefits of plant development such as nutrient availability, amelioration of stress and defense to plant disease. Throughout the book, the authors introduce and classify the corresponding Phytomicrobiome components and then present a detailed discussion related to its effect on plant development: controlling factors of this biome, its behaviour under the prevailing climate change condition and beneficial effects. The book covers the newly emerging technical concept of Phytomicrobiome engineering, which is an advanced concept to sustain agricultural productivity in recent climatic scenario. The text is filled with comprehensive, cutting edge data, making it possible to access this ever-growing wealth of information. This important book: Offers a one-stop resource on phytomicrobiome concepts Provides a better understanding of the topic and how it can be employed for understanding plant development Contains a guide to sustaining agriculture using phytomicrobiome engineering Presents information that can lead to enhanced production and productivity to feed our growing population Written for students, researchers and policy makers of plant biology, Phytomicrobiome Interactions and Sustainable Agriculture offers a clear understanding of the importance of microbes in overall plant growth and development. � 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.Publication Publication Preface(wiley, 2021) Verma, Amit; Saini, Jitendra Kumar; Hesham, Abd El-Latif; Singh, Harikesh Bahadur[No abstract available]
