Browsing by Author "Singh, Satish Kumar"
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Publication A Comparative Study of Soil and Foliar Nickel Application on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Grown in Inceptisol(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2021) Kumar, Omkar; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Latare, Ashish; Yadav, Sobh NathNickel (Ni) deficiency is common in intensively cultivated soils. As Ni is a costly input, thus, judicious use in agriculture is needed to address its deficiency economically. In view of deficiency of Ni, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the responses for soil (SA), foliar (FA) and combination of these two methods of Ni application on growth, yield, nutritional quality and bio-chemical properties of soil using barley as a test crop. Foliar application of 0.2% NiSO4 significantly enhanced growth, yield, and nutrients concentration in grain as compared to SA. The highest grain and straw yield was in 5.0 kg SA Ni ha?1�+�0.2% FA of NiSO4 but it was statically at par with 0.2% FA of NiSO4. Application of 10 kg SA Ni ha?1�+�0.2% FA of NiSO4 resulted in a significant yield decrease. The maximum bacterial population was with 5 kg SA Ni ha?1, whereas actinomycetes population in 7.5 kg SA Ni ha?1. However, higher dose of Ni had a synergistic effect on the fungal population and urease enzyme activity. It was inferred that 0.2% FA of NiSO4 may be economically used over soil application to mitigate the deficiency of Ni in barley. � 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Publication Application of Sewage Sludge in a Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) System Influences the Growth, Yield, Quality and Heavy Metals Accumulation of Rice and Wheat in the Northern Gangetic Alluvial Plain(MDPI, 2022) Jatav, Surendra Singh; Singh, Satish Kumar; Parihar, Manoj; Alsuhaibani, Amnah Mohammed; Gaber, Ahmed; Hossain, AkbarFor a sustainable and profitable agriculture production system, balanced and integrated use of nutrients is a key strategy. In addition, partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with organics ones reduces both environmental concerns and economic costs and provides greater soil health benefits. With this hypothesis, an experiment was conducted to assess the yield and economic benefits of a rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) as influenced by the joint application of sewage sludge (SSL) and fertilizer. The treatments comprised: without fertilizer or SSL; 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF); 100% RDF + 20 Mg ha?1 SSL; 100% RDF + 30 Mg ha?1 SSL; 50% RDF + 20 Mg ha?1 SSL; 60% RDF + 20 Mg ha?1 SSL; 70% RDF + 20 Mg ha?1 SSL; 50% RDF + 30 Mg ha?1 SSL; 60% RDF + 30 Mg ha?1 SSL and 70% RDF + 30 Mg ha?1 SSL. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The result of our study indicate that the highest percent increase in mean plant height i.e., ~14.85 and ~13.90, and grain yield i.e., ~8.10 and ~18.90 for rice and wheat, respectively, were recorded under 100% RDF + 30 Mg SSL ha?1 treatment compared to 100% RDF, while 70% RDF + 20 Mg ha?1 SSL produced a statistically equivalent grain yield of 100% RDF in RWCS. The application of 20 and 30 Mg SSL ha?1 along with recommended or reduced fertilizer dose, significantly increased the heavy metal content in plant and soil systems above that of 100% RDF, but this enhancement was found within permissible limits. Moreover, the reduced use of SSL i.e., 20 Mg SSL ha?1, resulted in lower heavy metal content in grain and soil than did the 30 Mg ha?1 SSL treatment, but significantly higher than in the absolute control or 100% RDF treatment. In summary, the use of 20 Mg ha?1 SSL along with 70% RDF provided a safer, profitable and sustainable option in a rice-wheat cropping system in the middle Ganegatic alluvial plain. � 2022 by the authors.Publication Assessment of micronutrients fractionations and mobility in soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2021) Patra, Abhik; Singh, Satish Kumar; Jatav, Surendra Singh; Rekwar, Ravindra KumarIn the present investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the various chemical forms and mobility factor (MF) for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in different soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh.For this purpose, surface soil (0-15 cm) samples from two different locations were collected under Entisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol and Alfisol during 2019-20 and analysis was done in the laboratory of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, BHU, Varanasi.The modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the chemical pools of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in each soil.Results indicated that total metal content follows the order of Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu across the soil orders, whereas mobility factor of micronutrients arranged as: Mn>Cu>Zn>Fe.The highest exchangeable (F1), carbonate bound (F2), Fe-Mn oxides bound (F3), organically bound (F4) and residual (F5) fraction were recorded in Inceptisol, Vertisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol and Alfisol, respectively for micronutrients, i.e.Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn.The mean percentage value of various micronutrients fractions were in the order of F5>F3>F4>F2>F 1, except Mn, whose chemical forms follows the order of F3>F5>F4>F2>F1.The Zn and Cu were highly mobile in Vertisol while Fe and Mn in Entisol. � 2021 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.Publication Biogeoaccumulation of zinc in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) in an Inceptisol amended with soil zinc application and its bioavailability to human being(Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies, 2022) Mohapatra, Kiran Kumar; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Jatav, Surendra Singh; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Popova, Victoria; Puzikova, Olesya; Nazarenko, Olga; Sushkova, SvetlanaSoil Zn amended is an efficient agronomical Zn biofortification approach in rice. However, it is still need to know if higher rate of Zn over recommended dose can influence other essential nutrient uptake, high accumulation of Zn in soils and health risk for human consumption. This study was conducted by taking ten treatments (T1: control, T2: RDF, T3: RDF + 1.25 mg kg-1, T4: RDF + 2.5 mg kg-1, T5: RDF + 3.75 mg kg-1, T6: RDF + 5 mg kg-1, T7: RDF + 6.25 mg kg-1, T8: RDF + 7.5 mg kg-1, T9: RDF + 8.75 mg kg-1, T10: RDF + 10 mg kg-1) on hybrid rice in Zn (1.20 mg kg-1) enriched soil. The findings have shown that 6.25 mg kg-1 Zn application significantly increased crop growth and grain concentrations of N, K, Zn, Cu and Fe by 71.4, 125, 78.9, 28.5 and 2.4%, respectively. Nutrient harvest index was significantly affected by ranged between 29.1�36.4%. Application of Zn at 6.25 mg kg-1 (T7) recorded the highest Zn concentration in grain (28.2 mg kg-1) and bioavailability of the fortified Zn (2.05 mg Zn day-1). The lowest phytatic acid concentration in grain was recorded in T8 (RDF + Zn at 7.5 mg kg-1) and after that a significant increase was observed. Transfer coefficient was inversely behaving with Zn application and ranged between 6.03�18.0 grain. The average daily intake of Zn was ranged between 0.075�0.118 mg-1 kg-1 day. Across different treatments the Zn build-up factor, geo-accumulation index and soil enrichment factor was ranged between 0.98�4.90,-0.61�1.70 and 0.24�1.82, respectively in post-harvest soil. In conclusion, agronomic biofortification of Zn through soil applications at 6.25 mg Zn kg-1 was a sustainable way to improving growth and grain Zn, N, K, Cu and Fe uptake of hybrid rice to meet human recruitment. � 2022 Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies. All rights reserved.Publication Biological nitrification inhibition for sustainable crop production(Elsevier, 2021) Sadhukhan, Rahul; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Sen, Suman; Sharma, Laimayum Devarishi; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Thangjam, Rojeet; Devedee, Anoop Kumar; Singh, Satish Kumar; Gorovtsov, Andrey; Choudhury, Sourav; Patra, Kiranmay[No abstract available]Publication Chemical fractionations and mobility of heavy metals in soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2021) Patra, Abhik; Singh, Satish Kumar; Chattopadhyay, Arghya; Sharma, Vinod Kumar; Rekwar, Ravindra KumarIn the current investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the various chemical forms and mobility factor (MF) for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) in four soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh.For this purpose, two different surface soil samples were collected from each of Entisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol and Alfisol soil orders during 2019-20.The modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure was applied to determine the chemical pools of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in each soil.Results indicated that total metal content follows the order of Pb>Cr>Ni>Cd across the orders, whereas mobility factor of micronutrients could be arranged as: Cd>Pb>Ni>Cr.The bioavailable metal fraction of all micronutrients, i.e.exchangeable pool (Fl) was maximum in Inceptisol.The highest carbonate bound (F2), Fe-Mn oxides bound (F3), organically bound (F4) and residual (F5) fraction were recorded in Vertisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol and Alfisol, respectively for all heavy metals.The mean percentage value of Pb and Ni fractions were in the order of F5>F3>F4>F2>F 1, whereas Cd whose chemical fractions follows the order of F2>F3>F4>F5>F 1.The Pb was highly mobile in Vertisol, Ni in Inceptisol, while Cd and Cr in Entisol.Therefore, availability and mobility of heavy metals in the soil environment depends mainly on their association with various chemical fractions of the soil which relies on the mineralogical origin of the metals. � 2021 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.Publication Conservation Agriculture for Soil Health and Carbon Sequestration in the Indian Himalayan Region(Springer Singapore, 2023) Rai, Ashish; Tripathi, Sumit; Bahuguna, Ayush; Rai, Sumit; Rajput, Jitendra; Gangwar, Anshu; Srivastava, Rajeev Kumar; Singh, Arvind Kumar; Singh, Satish Kumar; Shekhar, Dibyanshu; Mishra, Rahul; Sathyanarayana, Eetela; Pandey, SupriyaMountains the most significant agro-ecosystems that directly or indirectly support human life. The areas surrounding the hills are abundant in biodiversity and have enormous potential for sustaining Indian agriculture. It has been widely recognised that the ecological fragility and sensitivity of the Himalayas to climatic aberrations, topography, peculiar geographical features, and some of the particular identified problems, which may be soil loss, runoff, steep slopes, acidity of soils, and loss of soil nutrients, form it a very distinct region as opposed to plains in terms of socioeconomic situation. Conventional agriculture was one of the best aspects of food production during the green revolution and after India gained its independence for securing food and nutrition through intensive agricultural practices, but on the flip side, it has simultaneous effects on resource degradation and soil biodiversity. The need for food and fodder, an ever-growing population, the preservation of soil biodiversity, declining soil health, climate change, the use of unbalanced fertilisers, and decreased farm profitability all call for a paradigm shift in the agriculture sector. On the other hand, increasing the intensity of the hillside agriculture system without implementing any conservation measures greatly increases the likelihood of disastrous conditions. Conservation agriculture has long been known to improve soil health and sustain agricultural production systems by reducing environmental footprints. Between the atmosphere and the lithosphere, numerous biological and physical processes are regulated by soils. An integral aspect of soil that promotes agricultural sustainability is soil health. However, each measurement of a specific soil health parameter is always tied to a unique set of circumstances. A fundamental concern in maintaining soil health to feed an expanding population is resource conservation. Climate change is a topic of discussion on a worldwide scale in the current globalisation context. The greenhouse effect is best for life but only up to a point beyond which it becomes dangerous. Due to urbanisation, changes in land use, cropping patterns, and other factors, human influences on climate change go beyond the range of natural fluctuation. Climate change in the soil system is significantly influenced by carbon regulation in the soil. The rate of organic matter decomposition is accelerated by an increase in mean annual temperature, which affects aggregate stability, water storage capacity, and nutrient balance� all of which are crucial for healthy soil structure, soil fertility, productivity, and sustainability. In actuality, soil bacteria break down organic materials, but a change in temperature regime may change the microbial population. � The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.Publication Current State of Knowledge in Diagnosis and Mitigation of Micronutrients Deficiency in Crop Production from an Indian Prospective(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Singh, Satish Kumar; Pandey, Astha; Bahuguna, Ayush; Mohapatra, Kiran Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Sathyanarayana, Eetela; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Jatav, Surendra Singh; Rajput, Vishnu D.Indian soils are fairly satisfactory with respect to total micronutrient content. But in spite of the relatively high total contents, micronutrient deficiencies have been frequently reported in many crops due to low levels of available micronutrients in soils. Based on the critical limits followed in different states of India, the status of the micronutrients deficiencies was assessed in different soils under the leadership of ICAR All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro- and Secondary Nutrients and Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants (AICRP-MSPE). In addition to single micronutrient deficiencies, multimicronutrient deficiencies have emerged in different areas of the country over the years, posing a threat to the sustainability of agriculture. Various diagnostic procedures for micronutrients deficiency in soil and plants have been briefly discussed in this paper. In total 1421 field experiments were conducted on specific crops to determine the critical nutrient concentration of different micronutrients. Based on field experiments and crop response to micronutrients, generalized transition zones were worked out for different nutrients across the soil types. Various factors affecting micronutrients availability in soil and deficiency symptoms of micronutrients have been discussed along with their mitigation strategies. Hence this paper represents the current status of micronutrients in Indian soil with emerging solutions for micronutrient deficiency. � 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Publication Ecological aspects of the soil-water-plant-atmosphere system(Elsevier, 2021) Rekwar, Ravindra Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Singh, Satish Kumar; Mohapatra, Kiran Kumar; Kundu, Arnab; Dutta, Asik; Trivedi, Ankita; Sharma, Laimayum Devarishi; Anjum, Mohsina; Anil, Ajin S.; Sahoo, Sanjib KumarThe soil-water-plant-atmosphere system (SWPAS) is a �physically integrated, dynamic system in which interacting processes of mass and energy are performed.� The SWPAS system is comprised of four different components with varying physical and chemical properties that ultimately poses a complex mechanism. Water stress is primarily caused due to nonuniform precipitation. The exhaustion of this reservoir by a crop requires its artificial reloading, which is the case of irrigation. Soil moisture has been shown to have major implications for carbon storage and related climatic feedbacks. Therefore, it is more important than ever to understand how the flow of water interacts with ecosystem health and the mechanisms controlling water fluxes at the land-atmosphere interface. Atmosphere acts as an upper buffer that takes up, transforms, and protects water, as a substance, in the climatic system. The soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) is the pathway for water moving from soil through plants to the atmosphere. Movement of water occurs in response to differences in the potential energy of water. The flow path of water through SPAC is complex with a series of resistances offered by different components of the system. Different atmospheric, plant canopy, and soil factors affect the water flow through SPAC. With increasing water scarcity, improvement in crop water productivity will be vital in terms of food security for the future generation. As a result, the effect of soil-plant-atmosphere interactions on how ecosystems respond to and exert influence on, the global environment remains difficult to predict. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Publication Effect of different nutrient sources on yield and biochemical properties of soil under rice�wheat cropping sequence in middle Gangetic alluvial plain(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2021) Kumar, Maneesh; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, AbhikIn the present agricultural scenario, balanced nutrients application is a key to improved crop production without deteriorating soil health. Therefore, from environmental concern, there is need to supplement a part of chemical fertilizers with locally available organics. To attain this objective, field experiments were conducted to study the effect of sewage sludge (SS), vermicompost (VC) and Sesbania (SB) using them by 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (RDF) and combination of customized fertilizers (CF) for rice and wheat separately and also sulfur (S), zinc (Zn) and boron (B) with RDF. Among the nutrient sources, the maximum grain yield in rice (4.92 t ha?1) recorded with 100% RDF applied along with S, Zn and B whereas in wheat (4.64 t ha?1), it was with CF. Total removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), S and B were higher by rice crop than that of wheat. The treatment with 75% RDF along with VC had significantly higher water holding capacity and lower bulk density of post-harvest soil (PHS) during both years. Organic carbon, available N, P, K content in PHS increased significantly by application of 100% RDF along with S, Zn, B and CF for both years. Application of S, Zn and B resulted a significant increase in available S and B content in soil over 100% RDF. Application of VC significantly increased the bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population in PHS. � 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Publication Effect of Nano-Phosphorus Formulation on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Wheat under Semi-Arid Climate(MDPI, 2023) Poudel, Anuj; Singh, Satish Kumar; Jim�nez-Ballesta, Raimundo; Jatav, Surendra Singh; Patra, Abhik; Pandey, AsthaAppropriate phosphorus (P) management techniques increase yield and nutritional properties while minimizing environmental concerns. The widespread use of nano-fertilizers (NFs) in agriculture endangers soil and plants. It is vital to research the behavior of nano-phosphors (nano-P) on plant growth and quality, as well as their technique of interaction with soil properties in order to obtain key ecosystem benefits. With this in mind, a field experiment was conducted using wheat as a test crop to explore the impact of nano phosphorus (nano-P) on soil. The study�s goal was to examine how the foliar application of nano-P to wheat affects its growth, yield and nutrient concentration. Treatments consisted of: T1: 100% NPK (120:137:72 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha?1) by RDF (recommended dose of fertilizer); T2: 100% NPK by RDF + 2 foliar sprays of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1; T3: 100% NK + 0% P (no foliar); T4: 100% NK + 75% P + 2 foliar sprays of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1; T5: 100% NK + 50% P + 2 foliar sprays of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1;T6: 100% NK + 0% P + 2 foliar sprays of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1; T7: 100% NPK by RDF + 1 foliar spray of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1; T8: 100% NK + 75% P + 1 foliar spray of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1; T9: 100% NPK + 1 foliar spray of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1; T10-100% NK + 75% P + 1 foliar spray of nano-P @ 494.21 mL ha?1. According to the findings, applying 100% NK + 75% P + 2 foliar applications of nano-P at the tillering and panicle initiation stages increased yield over 100% RDF by 37.1%. Additionally, the highest micronutrient concentration (Zn (36.4 mg kg?1), Cu (21.2 mg kg?1), Mn (22.9 mg kg?1) and Fe (61.1 mg kg?1)) in grain were noticed in T3 (100% NK + 0% P no foliar spray of nano-P) treatment, which was superior to T1 (100% NPK). Furthermore, foliar application of nano-P fertilizer in combination with different levels of diammonium phosphate (DAP) slightly increased the amount of N, P and K, as well as micronutrients in post-harvest soil. In summary, the use of 100% NK + 75% + 2 foliar applications of nano-P saved 25% recommendation dose P if supplied as nano-P as a form of phosphorus, and can be a suitable substitute for DAP, especially in smart agriculture, as it possibly reduces P leaching into groundwater, while maintaining or increasing wheat crop yield over the 100% RDF. � 2023 by the authors.Publication Evaluation of phytoremediation capability of French marigold (Tagetes patula) and African marigold (Tagetes erecta) under heavy metals contaminated soils(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Biswal, Biswojit; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Mohapatra, Kiran KumarThe pot experiment was conducted to explore the phytoremediation potential of two different marigold species grown in heavy metals contaminated red, black, alluvial, recent river clay, sewage irrigated, sewage sludge, and garden soil. Different soil types were treated uniformly with lead (20 mg Pb kg?1 soil), cadmium (5 mg Cd kg?1 soil), chromium (30 mg Cr kg?1 soil) and nickel (10 mg Ni kg?1 soil). Completely randomized design (CRD) was used with three replications. African marigold (Tagetes erecta) recorded ?89.4% more dry matter yield over French marigold (Tagetes patula) when grown under metals treated soils. Both the marigold species were highly effective for removing Cd and Ni from contaminated soils (TF >1) however, Ni (TF ?14.9) was more efficiently accumulated by T. patula and Cd (TF ?12.1) by T. erecta. Higher biomass yield in T. erecta resulted higher accumulation of heavy metals (except Cr) compared to T. patula. Assessment of contamination factor (CF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of heavy metals indicates that post-harvest soils had moderate to high degree of contamination by different metals, Cr being the highest. It may be concluded that T. erecta was more efficient in extracting heavy metals from different heavy metals contaminated soils. Novelty statement Contamination of land with heavy metals poses severe environmental threats. Physical and chemical remediation techniques are generally used for remediating metals contaminated sites. These methods are cost-intensive and therefore, commercially non-viable, besides being disruptive in nature and causing deterioration of soil. Alternatively, bio-remediation techniques are cost-effective and environment friendly. Among the various phytoremediation techniques, hyperaccumulator plants are most commonly used for the remediation of the contaminated sites. It has been found that different species of the same plant (marigold) differ in their ability to accumulate metals under various contaminated soils having different properties. Thus, this experiment provided an unique opportunity to investigate the effect of various soil properties on metal accumulation efficacy of marigold under metal-spiked soils. Marigold plants can grow rapidly by developing a robust root system which helps them to survive under contaminated soil environment. Thus, marigold being ornamental plant could be used to decontaminate polluted sites while providing ornamental value and may serve as a source of commercially valuable products extracting metals from biomass by way of incineration. However, meager information is available about the usage of various marigold species for phytoremediation of heavy metals under different metal-polluted soils. In the current experiment, we intend to evaluate the potential use of two different marigold species (Tagetes patula and Tagetes erecta) in remediating heavy metals under nine soils of different nature spiked with metals and assessing heavy metals pollution load indexes in these polluted soils. � 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Publication Feasibility of sewage sludge application in rice-wheat cropping system(Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies, 2021) Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Singh, Satish Kumar; Jatav, Surendra Singh; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Sushkova, SvetlanaA field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of the conjoint application of sewage sludge (SS) and fertilizers on the yield of rice-wheat cropping system using a randomized block design. The grain yield ranged between 24.99 � 4.24 to 66.32 � 2.58 q ha-1 and 22.50 � 0.55 to 50.37 � 1.07 q ha-1 in Ist year grown rice and wheat, respectively. Among all the treatments, T3 (100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + 30 t ha-1 SS) recorded a significantly highest grain yield of rice crop (66.32 and 63.37 q ha-1 ) and wheat crop (50.37 and 46.91 q ha-1 ) during 2015-16 and 2016-17 years, respectively. The straw yield in Ist rice and Ist wheat ranged between 55.11 to 81.22 q ha-1 and 35.86 to 56.62 q ha-1, whereas straw yield in IInd rice and IInd wheat were noticed between 48.42 to 79.31 q ha-1 and 30.45 to 52.32 q ha-1, respectively. The finding clearly shows that the application of SS significantly enhances the yield of rice-wheat crops, and could be an option to a sustainable use of SS. However, the precautionary measure should be followed before use. In addition, the application of SS also indicates the improvement in soil health and sustainability. � 2021 Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies. All rights reserved.Publication Influence of varying levels of zinc on yield and zinc biofortification in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa l.) grown in moderate zinc soil(Indian journals, 2021) Mohapatra, Kiran Kumar; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, Abhik[No abstract available]Publication Interaction of zinc oxide nanoparticles with soil: Insights into the chemical and biological properties(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022) Verma, Yukti; Singh, Satish Kumar; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Minkina, TatianaWidespread use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) threatens soil, plants, terrestrial and aquatic animals. Thus, it is essential to explore the fate and behavior of NPs in soil and also its mechanism of interaction with soil microbial biodiversity to maintain soil health and quality to accomplish essential ecosystem services. With this background, the model experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to study the impact of ZnO-NPs on soil taking maize as a test crop. The X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and Particles size analysis of engineered NPs confirmed that the material was ZnO-NPs (particle size�-65.82�nm). The application of ZnO-NPs resulted in a significant decrease in soil pH. Significantly high EC (0.13�dS�m?1) was recorded where ZnO-NPs were applied at the rate of 2.5�mg Zn�kg?1 soil over control (0.12�dS�m?1). A significant increase in soil available phosphorus was observed on applying ZnO-NPs (15.29�mg�kg?1 of soil) as compared to control (11.84�mg�kg?1 of soil). Maximum soil available Zn (2.09�mg�kg?1) was recorded in ZnO-NPs-amended soil (T11) which was significantly higher than control (0.33�mg�kg?1) as well as treatments containing conventional zincatic fertilizers. The inhibition rates of dehydrogenase enzyme activity in the presence of 0.5�mg, 1.25�mg and 2.5�mg ZnO-NPs per kg soil were 31.3, 46.2 and 49.7%, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly reduced (103.33��g�g?1 soil) in soils treated with ZnO-NPs over control (111.33��g�g?1 soil). Soil bacterial count was also significantly lesser (12.33 � 105�CFU) in the case where 2.5�mg�kg?1 ZnO-NPs were applied as compared to control (21.33 � 105�CFU). The corresponding decrease in fungal and actinomycetes colony count was 24.16, 37.35, 46.15% and 14.59, 17.97, 22.45% with the application of 0.5�mg, 1.25�mg and 2.5�mg ZnO-NPs per kg soil, respectively, as compared to control. Thus, the use of ZnO-NPs resulted in an increase in soil available Zn but inhibited soil microbial activity. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.Publication Plant-soil interactions in a changing world: A climate change perspective(Elsevier, 2021) Patra, Abhik; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Mohapatra, Kiran Kumar; Kundu, Arnab; Singh, Satish Kumar; Kumar, Vipin; Sharma, Laimayum Devarishi; Anjum, MohsinaClimate is a major factor that governs several things starting from the origin of the different animals, and food availability for human and animals. The growth of crops species is becoming more vulnerable due to the climate now. The living ecosystem of every creature depends on the climate. Climate change is the prime threat to the sustainability of our ecosystem and continuous emission of the greenhouse gases is making it more perilous. As a consequence, an unanticipated shift in the dynamics of plant-soil cross-talk is encountered. Nevertheless, gradual escalation of mean earth surface temperature can potentially curtail the duration of the growth period, yield, and water productivity. Every major crop are expected to decline due to erratic precipitation and higher water demands under elevated temperature. In this chapter, we mainly highlight the impact of fluctuating climatic elements on terrestrial flora, edaphic conditions, and their mutual interactions. Surging air temperature is detrimental for the soil carbon stock and its depletion hampers the rhizospheric processes, biochemical cycles, and ultimately affects plant species. We have also discussed different processes involved in plant-soil interactions at different stages of primary or secondary succession. � 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Publication Preface(Springer International Publishing, 2022) Rajput, Vishnu D.; Yadav, Ajar Nath; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Singh, Satish Kumar; Minkina, Tatiana[No abstract available]Publication Residual Effects of Nickel and Its Interaction with Applied Zinc and NPK Improve the Growth, Yield, and Nutritional Quality of Cowpea and Urease Activity of Soil Grown in Vertisols(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Goswami, Sarbasree; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Dutta, Asik; Mohapatra, Kiran KumarSoil application of nickel (Ni) has low efficiency and expected to produce enough residual effect to cater the need of the next crop in the sequence. A pot experiment was conducted on the soil of previous season pot study, wherein Ni and zinc (Zn) were applied with recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF). This study with cowpea as test crop was conducted on residual level of Ni in soil along with the application of RDF and Zn. The result showed significant increase in plant height, greenness index, number of branches, number of pods plant?1, number of seed pod?1, stover yield, seed yield, and weight of 100 seed of cowpea. All these attributes were highest at 10�mg Ni kg?1 applied in the previous crop along with Zn at the rate of 10�mg�kg?1 in the current experiment (T10). The concentration of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and Zn in grain and stover significantly increased up to 10�mg�kg?1 residual Ni (T10), and beyond this, a reduction in concentration was observed. The behavior of these elements with respect to uptake in both grain and stover was similar as that of their concentration. The urease activity and available N content in post-harvest soil increased as the residual Ni content in the soil increased. � 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo.Publication Rhizobia: A potent tool for amelioration of drought stress in legumes(Springer International Publishing, 2021) Singh, Pratibha; Sammauria, Rakesh; Singh, Mahendra; Singh, Satish Kumar; Jatav, Hanuman Singh; Mehjabeen; Yadav, Malu Ram; Dwivedi, Anoop KumarRhizobia in association with legumes form an effective symbiosis and fix atmospheric nitrogen for uptake by plants. Nitrogen fixation in leguminous crops contributes significantly in maintaining fertility of soil. For the growth of rhizobia and legume-rhizobial association, drought stress is one of the limiting factors, among different stress factors in the environment. Under the arid/semi-arid conditions, establishment of an effective rhizobium-legume interaction is very sensitive. Drought conditions affect root development, nodulation, chlorophyll content, changes in cell volume and concentration of solutes and other properties which are important for biological nitrogen fixation. Thus, interactions of rhizobia and legumes to drought are very sensitive in maximizing the benefits of nitrogen fixation. Various studies have been conducted on different aspects to overcome the shortcomings of drought stress on biological nitrogen fixation. These strategies include screening of germplasms, genetic multiplication of drought-tolerant genotypes, tissue culture, biological approach and biotechnological interventions. Rhizobia play vital role in the production of plant's metabolites, molecular responses, adjustment of hormones and dissolution and utilization of nutrients, to evade moisture stress conditions. Present chapter elaborates the detailed studies on the impact of drought stress on rhizobia and legumes grown in different moisture levels. Different strategies and techniques to overcome the shortcomings of drought stress on biological nitrogen fixation are also presented and discussed in logical manner. � The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.Publication Root Dipping, Foliar and Soil Application of Zinc Increase Growth, Yields, and Grain Zinc in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown in Moderate Zinc Soil of Inceptisol Order(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Patel, Poonam Singh; Singh, Satish Kumar; Patra, Abhik; Jatav, Surendra SinghZinc (Zn) fertilization not only increased yield of rice but also serves as an economical source of Zn to fight Zn deficiency problems in humans and cattle. A pot experiment was conducted during 2016 (kharif) to study the response of different methods of Zn application on growth, yield, and zinc concentration of rice. Treatments consisted of T1�without fertilizers (WF); T2 � recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF); T3�RDF+soil application of 5.0 kg Zn ha?1 (SA5); T4�RDF + soil application of 7.5 kg Zn ha?1 (SA7.5); T5�RDF + soil application of 10 kg Zn ha?1 (SA10); T6�RDF + root dipping in 2% ZnO (RD); T7�RDF + SA5 +�RD; T8 � RDF + foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at tillering and flowering stage (2FA); T9�RDF + foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at tillering, flowering, and milking stage (3FA); T10 � RDF + SA5 +�foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at tillering stage (1FA); T11�RDF + SA5�+�2FA; and T12 � RDF + SA5�+�3FA. Significantly higher grain and straw yield was obtained in T7 and T6, with a corresponding increase of 17.6 and 30.0% over RDF. Conjoint application of Zn (T7) increased the Zn concentration in grain and straw as compared to RDF, but FA of Zn was more effective than SA. Higher doses of Zn applied increased Zn and manganese (Mn), but decreased the concentration of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in grain. Application of 10 kg Zn ha?1 (T5) significantly increased (1.78 folds) the DTPA extractable Zn content in postharvest soil over RDF. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
