Browsing by Author "Singh S.C."

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    Bacteria-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antifungal potentials against Aspergillus flavus
    (Public Library of Science, 2024) Bharose A.A.; Hajare S.T.; Gajera H.P.; Soni M.; Prajapati K.K.; Singh S.C.; Upadhye V.
    The best biocontroller Bacillus subtilis produced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a spherical form and a 62 nm size through green synthesis. Using UV-vis spectroscopy, PSA, and zeta potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles were determined. Silver nanoparticles were tested for their antifungicidal efficacy against the most virulent isolate of the Aspergillus flavus fungus, JAM-JKB-BHA-GG20, and among the 10 different treatments, the treatment T6 [PDA + 1 ml of NP (19: 1)] + Pathogen was shown to be extremely significant (82.53%). TG-51 and GG-22 were found to be the most sensitive groundnut varieties after 5 and 10 days of LC-MS QTOF infection when 25 different groundnut varieties were screened using the most toxic Aspergillus flavus isolate JAM- JKB-BHA-GG20, respectively. In this research, the most susceptible groundnut cultivar, designated GG-22, was tested. Because less aflatoxin (1651.15 g.kg-1) was observed, treatment T8 (Seed + Pathogen + 2 ml silver nanoparticles) was determined to be much more effective. The treated samples were examined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for the detection of metal ions and the fungicide carbendazim. Ag particles (0.8 g/g-1) and the fungicide carbendazim (0.025 g/g-1) were found during Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry analysis below detectable levels. To protect plants against the invasion of fungal pathogens, environmentally friendly green silver nanoparticle antagonists with antifungal properties were able to prevent the synthesis of mycotoxin by up to 82.53%. � 2024 Bharose et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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    Exploring the Function of Predicted T-Cell Epitopes in Enhancing Influenza Virus Vaccine Efficacy
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Malviya J.; Yadav S.; Rathore P.; Barik A.; Mohapatra S.S.; Sareen S.; Sahoo B.; Singh S.C.; Asthana N.
    This study investigates the potential utility of predicted T-cell epitopes derived from the hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of the H1N1 and H5N1 serotypes of the influenza virus. The aim is to contribute to the improvement of a valuable influenza virus vaccine. The influenza virus, a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, causes the contagious illness commonly known as the �flu.� It contains RNA and exhibits symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle aches, headaches, coughing, fatigue, and weakness. Each year, the flu epidemic results in a significant number of deaths and cases of severe illness worldwide. The study focuses on the HA protein, which is very useful for entry of virus and host cell strap, and the neuraminidase (NA) enzyme, which facilitates the free of the virus from the host cell. By utilizing computational tools such as Propred 1 and Propred, binding predictions for MHC class I and II are generated and conserved sequences are analyzed. The 3D structures of MHC class I and II human molecules are obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) using the PATCH-DOCK server. Through patch docking of the analyzed conserved sequences with MHC I and II human molecules, conserved epitopes that hold potential for vaccine development are identified. This research highlights the importance of utilizing predicted T-cell epitopes in the design of effective influenza virus vaccines. By leveraging computational methods and structural analysis, this approach provides insights into the development of vaccines that target specific influenza virus serotypes. The identified conserved epitopes have the potential to enhance vaccine efficacy and contribute to the ongoing efforts to combat influenza virus infections. � 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
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    Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20
    (Nature Research, 2024) Bharose A.A.; Hajare S.T.; Narayanrao D.R.; Gajera H.G.; Prajapati H.K.; Singh S.C.; Upadhye V.
    Groundnuts are mostly contaminated with the mold Aspergillus flavus which produces a carcinogenic mycotoxin called as aflatoxin. It is very important to understand the genetic factors underlying its pathogenicity, regulation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and animal toxicities, but it still lacks useful information due to certain gaps in the era of modern technology. Therefore, the present study was considered to determine the key genes and metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin by using a molecular approach in a virulent strain of Aspergillus. The whole genome sequence of highly toxic and virulent Aspergillus isolates JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 revealed 3,73,54,834�bp genome size, 2, 26, 257 number of contigs with N50 value of 49,272�bp, 12,400 genes and 48.1% of GC contained respectively. The genome sequence was compared with other known aflatoxin producing and non-producing genome of Aspergillus spp. and 61 secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters were annotated with the toxic strain JAM-JKB-BHA-GG20 which showed similarity with other Aspergillus spp. A total number of eight genes (ver-1, AflR, pksA, uvm8, omt1, nor-1, Vha and aflP) were identified related to biosynthesis of aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Also, 69 SSR with forward and reverse primers and 137 di and tri nucleotide motifs were identified in the nucleotide sequence region related to aflatoxin gene pathway. The genes and putative metabolites identified in this study are potentially involved in host invasion and pathogenicity. As such, the genomic information obtained in this study is helpful in understanding aflatoxin gene producing pathway in comparison to other Aspergillus spp. and predicted presence of other secondary metabolites clusters viz. Nrps, T1pks etc. genes associated with a biosynthesis of OTA mycotoxin. � 2024, The Author(s).