Browsing by Author "Srinivasarao, Cherukumalli"

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    Advances in Organic Farming: Agronomic Soil Management Practices
    (Elsevier, 2021) Meena, Vijay Singh; Meena, Sunita Kumari; Rakshit, Amitava; Stanley, Johnson; Srinivasarao, Cherukumalli
    Advances in Organic Farming: Agronomic Soil Management Practices focuses on the integrated interactions between soil-plant-microbe-environment elements in a functioning ecosystem. It explains sustainable nutrient management under organic farming and agriculture, with chapters focusing on the role of nutrient management in sustaining global ecosystems, the remediation of polluted soils, conservation practices, degradation of pollutants, biofertilizers and biopesticides, critical biogeochemical cycles, potential responses for current and impending environmental change, and other critical factors. Organic farming is both challenging and exciting, as its practice of �feeding the soil, not the plant� provides opportunity to better understand why some growing methods are preferred over others. In the simplest terms, organic growing is based on maintaining a living soil with a diverse population of micro and macro soil organisms. Organic matter (OM) is maintained in the soil through the addition of compost, animal manure, green manures and the avoidance of excess mechanization. � 2021 Elsevier Inc.
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    Greenhouse gases emissions and agronomic productivity as influenced by varying levels of N fertilizer and tank silt in degraded semiarid Alfisol of Southern India
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2023) Reddy, Sharan Bhoopal; Srinivasarao, Cherukumalli; Rao, Palli Chandrasekhar; Lal, Rattan; Rakesh, Suresh; Kundu, Sumanta; Singh, Ram Nagina; Dubey, Pradeep Kumar; Abhilash, Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil; Venkateswara Rao, Kondru; Abrol, Vikas; Somasundaram, Jayaraman
    The study aimed to assess the effects of combined application of urea nitrogen (N) and tank* silt (TS) on greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions [i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O)] and agronomic productivity of maize-horsegram system. A factorial [urea (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha?1)]�and tank silt (0 and 30 t ha?1) replicated thrice randomized block design was employed for this investigation. Results of the study showed that maize grain yield was significantly influenced by the sole application of both N fertilizer and TS. When both the N fertilizer and TS were combined, the grain yield was significantly (p < 0.01) improved by 5% (4870 kg ha?1) over the highest yield observed under only N. We have noticed a significant (p < 0.01) residual effect of N and TS on horsegram straw yield during all the years of experimentation. With the increase in N-rate, there was an increasing trend in CO2 emission noticed in all the years including the pooled year data. Compared to CO2 emission, N2O emission was greatly influenced by nutrient management and amendment application. Among the seasons, the post-rainy season (Rabi) had a slightly lower emission trend of CO2, during all the years as compared to the rainy season (Kharif). The observed results marked the marginal increasing trend of cumulative CO2 (cCO2) emissions with regard to increasing doses of urea. Tank silt addition slightly favoured a CO2 emissions. The trend of cumulative N2O (cN2O) emission was greatly influenced by the dose of urea following the order of N180 > N120 > N60 > N0. However, N fertilizer application influenced the cCO2 emissions (r�=�0.83), and significantly increased the cN2O emission (r�=�0.99). Therefore, optimum and timely application of urea combined with TS is recommended as an effective strategy to combat GHG-based emissions (specifically N2O based) in semiarid rainfed regions. � 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Land and water conservation technologies for building carbon positive villages in India
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2022) Srinivasarao, Cherukumalli; Jasti, Venkata Naga Satya Prasad; Kondru, Venkateswara Rao; Bathineni, Vibhajam Sagal Kiran; Mudigiri, Ranjith; Venati, Girija Veni; Priyadarshini, Priya; Abhilash, Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil; Chaudhari, Suresh Kumar
    Continuous and unabated land degradation in India is a threat to agricultural sustainability while increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns and precipitation intensification are going to further aggravate degradation in future. The timely adoption of integrated land and water conservation technologies minimises erosion and provides significant adaptation and mitigation co-benefits. The objectives of this study were to assess the mitigation potential of soil and water conservation technologies and also the feasibility of making villages carbon positive. The extent of minimisation of soil loss due to soil conservation technologies ranges from 0.10 to 21.65 Mg ha?1�yr?1, while carbon emissions minimised range from 0.73 to 158.77 kg ha?1�yr?1. Emission minimisation from various water management technologies in rice ranges from 73.0 to 507.9 kg CO2 equivalents ha?1�yr?1. Agroforestry practices can sequester 8.64 to 52.77 Mg CO2 ha?1�yr?1 besides enhancing system productivity, arresting soil erosion and carbon loss through erosion. Integration of multiple technologies in a farming system further enhances the adaptation and mitigation benefits. Adoption of conservation technologies resulted in a net carbon balance of 0.05�1.23 CO2 Mg ha?1�yr?1 in 9 villages in India, indicating net positive carbon balance due to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration. Building carbon positive villages is a potential approach for preventing land degradation, while enhancing productivity, mitigating climate change and realising the sustainable development goals. Building capacities of communities and establishing institutions in villages are essential for upscaling and maintaining of soil and water conservation structures and community assets in the village. Furthermore, prioritisation and scaling of location specific land and water conservation technologies hold the key to establish carbon-positive villages. � 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.