Browsing by Author "Srivastava, Rajani"
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Publication COVID-19 and post-COVID effect in India: A critical analysis(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Srivastava, Rajani; Srivastava, Dharmesh; Gond, SadhanaIndia is in the second position in terms of population and the third-worstaffected country in the world in the total number of confirmed COVID- 19 cases. COVID-19 was marked by low case fatality rates and strong recovery rates in India, as well as an increase in public-private partnerships in the health sector. Technological advancements have aided in the containment of this epidemic. The virus's growth rate was halted by an early lockdown policy, however, super events are increasing infection rates due to the breakdown of COVID protocol behavior. This COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It contributes to worldwide healthcare issues and overstretched healthcare resources. As the people recovering from this disease, it is of utmost importance to establish knowledge of healthcare issues surrounding them. COVID-19 is a multi-organ disease and there are reports of permanent and prolonged effects of this disease. So it is very important to understand COVID-19, the post-COVID effect and the status of the administration and individuals dealing with this situation. The present chapter discusses the knowledge regarding COVID-19, various post-COVID-19 symptoms reported all over the world, especially in India in terms of professional status, financial status, mental status and status of the government and people dealing with this pandemic situation. � 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc..Publication E-waste management through mechanical milling: A sustainable approach(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Yadav, Thakur Prasad; Srivastava, Rajani; Awasthi, KalpanaElectronic garbage (E-waste) is becoming a significant aspect of global solid waste management. It is made up of various components, some of which contain harmful compounds that, if not properly controlled, could harm human health and the environment. As a result, effective management is essential. In e-waste materials, there are valuable materials (copper, gold, silver, and so on) that have an economic worth. The current chapter discusses the many types of e-waste materials and their effects on the environment and human health. The effort put in to manage e-waste as well as various methods for recovering metals from e-waste are also discussed. � 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc..Publication Ecosystem degradation: Causes and consequences(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Srivastava, Rajani; Pandey, ShreyaEcosystem degradation is a critical challenge faced by humankind. A major cause of degradation is anthropogenic activities. Degradation also led to the loss of ecosystem services. It is caused due to a variety of issues including pollution, overpopulation, deforestation, and global warming. Economic expansion and mindless consumption are the main causes that harm nature. Rapid industrialization and unplanned urbanization often advance in a way in developing countries; they have destructive effects on the environment, particularly on basic ecosystems, wildlife habitat and global biodiversity. Degradation harms human health, leading to ozone layer depletion, desertification and loss of biodiversity. Changing climate, land-use changes and anthropogenic activity all appear to be substantial contributors to biodiversity loss. To address the relevant problem, we must use resources wisely, promote sustainable development, encourage green concepts and most importantly, involve the community in all developmental endeavors. This chapter revolves around the cause and consequences of ecosystem degradation. To deal with the current scenario we need to adopt such measures that contribute significantly to the restoration of the ecosystem and Sustainable Development Goals. � 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Publication Forests: A valuable natural resource: Its degradation and restoration perspectives(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Singh, Sunil; Srivastava, RajaniIn general, forests are self-sustained wooden tracts dominated by trees forming a sort of canopy. Forests are a valuable resource both economically and ecologically, besides having aesthetic value. However, widespread deforestation of the world's forests has resulted in environmentally and aesthetically poor landscapes around the globe. This has resulted in forest degradation. A degraded forest is one where the forest cover has been affected by unsustainable exploitation of timber and non-timber products to such an extent that its capacity to recover completely from such alteration is compromised. The degradation of a forest may be evaluated based on three key elements, i.e., (1) a reference forest, (2) degradation indicators, and (3) a threshold value to determine the point at which a non-degraded forest becomes a degraded forest. FAO's Forest Resources Assessment (2018) estimated that the world's forest area decreased by about 3% between 1990 and 2015. This has resulted in widespread forest restoration and regeneration activities all over the world. However, a successful restoration faces many challenges, like high cost, a shortage of regeneration materials, and the usefulness of restoration for local and regional communities. However, a successful large-scale restoration should keep the following factors in mind: (1) learning from the past; (2) ecological knowledge supporting forest restoration; (3) advances in restoration and regeneration techniques and systems; (4) forest restoration following biotic and abiotic disturbances; and (5) restoring forest landscapes for the future. The concept of New Generation Plantations (NGP) is one promising way forward for successful restoration; however, such multipurpose approaches create new challenges for research and management. � 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Publication Grassland degradation and its restoration(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Chalimalla, Mahesh; Srivastava, RajaniEcosystem services are irreplaceable natural resources whose value is directly correlated with both ecological change and human well-being. Nearly 20% of the world's land surface is covered by grasslands, one of the most widespread plant groups. Because of climate change and overgrazing, their topsoils are vulnerable to erosion, and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) supplies are declining where there is severe erosion. Grasslands are crucial for raising cattle production and protecting the environment. The conversion and degradation of the grassland biome are mostly caused by agricultural intensification, plantation forestry, urban expansion, mining, invasive non-native flora, and rural sprawl. Monitoring grassland degradation may be more accurate and impartial than using existing environmental indexes. Through excessive grazing, improper use of crops, and unrestricted collection of fuel and medicinal plants, grassland degradation is spreading over large areas. Grasslands restoration techniques vary as per intended major use. We can restore grasslands by using ecological approaches like protection from grazing, soil and water conservation, controlled fire, bush clearing, application of fertilizers or by using grasses and legumes. For the restoration of grassland, we can use ecological, biological, or biotechnological tools. But the best option is integrated techniques of grassland management. � 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Publication Importance of Dalbergia sissoo for restoration of degraded land: A case study of Indian dry tropical vindhyan regions(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Srivastava, Rajani; Bharti, VikashTo achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals and preserve biodiversity and ecosystem services, degraded land must be restored. The focus of the current study was to evaluate the impact of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb (D. sissoo), a multipurpose native Indian tree in restoring degraded land. The significance of this species in restoring the fertility of agricultural soil in the dry tropical region of India was also examined in this study. This study showed an improvement in the soil quality (physical, chemical, biological, and enzymatic properties) of rhizosphere zone of D. sissoo (DL) throughout three seasons (rainy, winter and summer) in comparison to D. sissoo based agricultural soil (AL) and degraded (barren) land soil (BL). Soil moisture and water holding capacity (WHC) was significantly higher in DL in all three seasons compared to AL and BL, whereas, lower soil temperature and bulk density were noted in the rhizospheric soil of DL. The amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) was 75�94% higher in DL rhizospheric soil and 12�20% in the AL compared to BL soil in all three seasons. Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the rhizospheric soil of DL were significantly higher (TN, 0.15�0.17% and TP, 16.1�21%) than those in AL (TN, 0.05�0.06%; TP, 11.4�14.2%) and BL ((TN, 0.03�0.04%; TP, 11.6�10.5%) soils, while C: N ratio was higher in BL (13.2�14.8) than AL (10.8�12.1) and lower in DL (6.5�8.2) soil in all three seasons. The rhizosphere soil of DL had considerably greater levels of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and soil dehydrogenase activity (SDA) than the AL and BL. Pearson's correlation showed a significant strong positive correlation of SOC with WHC, TN, TP, MBC, MBN and soil dehydrogenase activity (SDA) (p < 0.01). Additionally, the principal component analysis (PCA) showed large and positive loading of PC1 for TN, WHC, MBN, MBC, SOC and SDA, suggesting that the restoration efforts should focus on increasing the TN, MBC, MBN, SOC and SDA. Increased SOC, TN, TP, microbial biomass and SDA in the rhizosphere soil of D. sissoo indicate healthy soil conditions in the Vindhyan dry tropical region of India. Therefore, this study advises to use D. sissoo tree extensively in land restoration initiatives for the benefit of both nat ure and people and also to achieve the goal of the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021?2030). � 2023 Elsevier B.V.Publication Microbial biomass: A sustainable approach to restore degraded soil(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Kumari, Gitanjalee; Srivastava, RajaniSoil is a vital life-supporting element on earth. Due to natural and anthropogenic factors, this limited natural resource is under continuous threat of degradation. Toxic organic and inorganic pollutants contaminate the soil and affect the soil microbial diversity, thereby causing a decline in soil nutrient reserve. Degradation of soil quality affects the vegetation and so, it has a direct impact on food security. With the rapid growth of population and industrialization, the rate of degradation of soil is also accelerating. Hence, assessing soil health and restoring the pristine quality of soil is the need of the hour. Microorganisms present in soil can bio-mineralize or bio-transform the contaminants into simpler, less toxic, or immobile forms. Organic matter which is a potential contaminant of soil can act as a source of carbon and energy or acts as co-substrates for microbes. Therefore, they metabolize them into products such as carbon dioxide, water, etc. But optimum environmental conditions are necessary for the proper growth and functioning of soil microbes. These microorganisms are sensitive to environmental conditions and can potentially indicate soil quality. On providing optimal growth conditions, the metabolic capacity of these microbes can be exploited to degrade the toxicants. Hence, the bioremediation process can be an effective method of degrading soil pollutants which has a major advantage of cost-effectiveness over other physical and chemical methods of remediation. � 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc..Publication Multipurpose Benefits of an Underexplored Species Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.): A Critical Review(Springer, 2023) Srivastava, Rajani; Srivastava, Vineet; Singh, AjeetSustainable food production through integrating knowledge of indigenous and local communities has significance for meeting the UN-SDGs (sustainable development goals). The majority of the food supply comes from cereal crops, which are exceptionally delicate to changing weather and climate conditions. Therefore, climate-resilient underutilized local crops may be a good option to be considered as potential crops for dietary diversification. The present review on Portulaca oleracea L. commonly called Purslane, having remarkable nutritional, medicinal, and pharmacological, and phytoremediation properties show significance. It is highly nutritious and has all essential minerals, vitamins, and proteins. About 93% of water, 3% of carbohydrates, and 2% of protein are present in raw Purslane. It contains dietary minerals like potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, etc. Potassium is the most abundant electrolyte present in Purslane. It contains the highest content of vitamin among green leafy vegetables. There are four different types of omega-3 fatty acids found in Purslane. This is required for typical wellbeing, improvement and anticipation of various cardiovascular illnesses, and upkeep of a sound resistant framework. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) species is highly nutritious and can be easily grown with high production efficiency in tropical, subtropical, and underdeveloped districts of the world. The species can be easily cultivated and act as an ideal substitute for resource-poor farmers in the developing region. Considering immense nourishing benefits, this species has great potential for its utilization in the future under changing climate. Further, the species has a huge scope that can be advantageous for accomplishing the food and health benefits at the local and regional levels and may preserve agro-biodiversity for sustainable development. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Publication Preface(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Srivastava, Rajani; Kumar, Pankaj[No abstract available]Publication Strategies to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Road Map for Global Development(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Srivastava, RajaniSustainability entails addressing our demands without jeopardizing future generations' ability to meet their own needs. In September 2015, 193 United Nations Member States adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, as a universal call for action to eradicate poverty, safeguard the environment, and ensure that all people experience peace and prosperity by 2030. These 17 interconnected global goals and 169 targets will be tracked and reviewed using a set of global indicators that will serve as a "blueprint for achieving a better and more sustainable future for everybody." Strategies to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Road Map for Global Development contributes to the intellectual foundation that will enable students to become the engines that will propel and maintain society on the path of sustainability and sustainable development through the difficult process of change. � 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
