Browsing by Author "Vaish, Barkha"

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    A comprehensive study on aquatic chemistry, health risk and remediation techniques of cadmium in groundwater
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Monika Mahajan; Gupta, Pankaj Kumar; Singh, Anita; Vaish, Barkha; Singh, Pooja; Kothari, Richa; Singh, Rajeev Pratap
    Cadmium (Cd), a non-essential trace element, it's intrusion in groundwater has ubiquitous implications on the environment and human health. This review is an approach to comprehensively emphasize on i) chemistry and occurrence of Cd in groundwater and its concomitant response on human health ii) sustainable Cd remediation techniques, iii) and associated costs. Current study is depending on meta-analysis of Cd contaminations in groundwater and discusses its distributions around the globe. Literature review primarily comprises from the last three decades online electronic published database, which mainly includes i) research literatures, ii) government reports. On the basis of meta-data, it was concluded that Cd mobility depends on multiple factors: such as pH, redox state, and ionic strength, dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC). A substantially high Cd concentration has been reported in Lagos, Nigeria (0.130 mg/L). In India, groundwater is continuing to be contaminated by Cd in the proximity of industrial, agricultural areas, high concentrations (>8.20 mg/L) were reported in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Depending on chemical behavior and ionic radius cadmium disseminate into the food chain and ultimately cause health hazard that can be measured by various index-based assessment tools. Instead of chemical adsorbents, nanoparticles, phytoextraction, and bioremediation techniques can be very useful in the remediation and management of Cd polluted groundwater at a low-cost. For Cd pollution, the development of a comprehensive framework that links the hydro-geological, bio-geochemical processes to public health is important and need to be further studied. � 2021 Elsevier B.V.
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    Explicating the fertilizer potential of anaerobic digestate: Effect on soil nutrient profile and growth of Solanum melongena L.
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Vaish, Barkha; Srivastava, Vaibhav; Singh, Umesh Kumar; Gupta, Sanjay Kumar; Chauhan, Puneet Singh; Kothari, Richa; Singh, Rajeev Pratap
    The use of anaerobic digestate (ADg), a nutrient-rich residual product of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process, could be a promising strategy for nutrient recycling in agriculture. However, when analyzing the usage of waste digestate as an organic amendment, properties such as organic and nutritional content, hygienic quality, and stability are important factors to consider. In this context, the present study elucidates the suitability of ADg as a fertilizer supplement based on agricultural criteria, including soil nutrient dynamics and the growth performance of brinjal (Solanum melongena L. var. Kashi Uttam). Pot experiments were conducted to explore the viability and response of ADg produced from three different organic wastes viz. the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), sewage sludge (SS), and flower waste (FW). Five fertilization treatments of each ADg, i.e., 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, designated as C, T1, T2, T3, and T4, were examined. The findings exhibited a significant (p<0.05) increase in Total Organic Carbon (TOC), exchangeable Na, K, Ca, and available P, while a considerable increment (p>0.05) in TKN was noticed in all the treatments. Biochemical analyses of brinjal depicted significant enhancement (p<0.05) in total chlorophyll (66.7 %) and carotenoid (56.03%) in T1 treatment of OFMSW ADg at 65 DAS. Likewise, maximum protein content increased by 326.8% in T2 of FW ADg at 65 DAS. However, a few of the metal contents also increased with increasing ADg(s) dosage but were well within the permissible limits of the Indian standard. A progressive increase in proline, peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation (p<0.05) was observed with increasing dosages, indicating metal-induced physiological stress in plants. However, improved ascorbic acid and phenol (23.8% at T2 treatment of OFMSW ADg) content allayed oxidative stress. Likewise, augmented morphological and yield (173.4% in T3 treatment of OFMSW ADg and 153.6% in T4 treatment of FW ADg) responses of brinjal in all the treatments showed their aptness for agricultural application with multifaceted environmental benefits. However, more research into the impacts of ADg on soil and plant growth and its transformation during AD is needed to identify the digestate's end-use value. � 2022 The Author(s)