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Greening rice-fallow areas: integrating pulses and oilseeds for sustainable cropping in eastern India

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dc.contributor.authorKumar, Rakesh
dc.contributor.authorDas, Anup
dc.contributor.authorMondal, Surajit
dc.contributor.authorUpadhyay, Pravin Kumar
dc.contributor.authorBhatt, Bhagwati Prasad
dc.contributor.authorMishra, Janki Sharan
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Anil Kumar
dc.contributor.authorChoudhary, Jaipal Singh
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Sanjeev
dc.contributor.authorSundaram, Prem Kumar
dc.contributor.authorBiswas, Ashis Kumar
dc.contributor.authorRathore, Sanjay Singh
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Rajiv Kumar
dc.contributor.authorParameswari, Puspa
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Dhiraj Kumar
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Santosh
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Akram
dc.contributor.authorSaurabh, Kirti
dc.contributor.authorShubha, Kumari
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Ajay
dc.contributor.authorManibhushan
dc.contributor.authorJeet, Pawan
dc.contributor.authorPrakash, Ved
dc.contributor.authorJha, Bal Krishna
dc.contributor.authorNaik, Sushant Kumar
dc.contributor.authorMali, Santosh Sambhaji
dc.contributor.authorAhirwal, Surendra Kumar
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Vinod Kumar
dc.contributor.authorMandal, Devendra
dc.contributor.authorRoy, Manoj Kumar
dc.contributor.authorChoudhary, Arbind Kumar
dc.contributor.authorRajpoot, Sudhir Kumar
dc.contributor.authorChaudhari, Suresh Kumar
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-09T06:34:27Z
dc.date.available2025-07-09T06:34:27Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractRice-fallow areas, widespread in rainfed rice-growing regions of South Asia, remain uncultivated during the post-rainy (winter) season due to multiple challenges, including inadequate irrigation infrastructure, cultivation of long-duration rice varieties, and soil moisture imbalances. South Asia has approximately 22.3 million hectares of rice-fallow land, with India contributing the largest share (88.3%). Eastern Indian states, which account for 82% of India’s rice-fallow area, presents significant opportunities for cropping intensification. However, several constraints—such as biotic (pest and disease), abiotic stresses (temperature extremes, drought, etc.), rapid soil moisture depletion, and disturbances from free-grazing livestock-hinder efforts to cultivate a second crop, perpetuating poverty among the small and marginal farmers. Introducing stress-tolerant rabi crops, particularly pulses (chickpea, lentil, lathyrus, field pea) and oilseeds (mustard, toria, safflower, linseed), offers a promising solution to enhance system productivity and improve the farmers’ livelihoods. Policymakers have recently increased the public investment in rice-fallows intensification, yet fragmented and ad-hoc initiatives often fail to deliver sustainable outcomes due to complex and multidimensional challenges involved. This study critically examines the key issues affecting rice-fallow lands and provides strategic recommendations to convert these underutilized areas into the productive cropping systems during winter and spring. Additionally, it reviews Central and State Government programs related to rice-fallow management, emphasizing the need for research to align with ongoing policy initiatives for maximum impact. The findings of this study offers a valuable insights for the policymakers, planners, and stakeholders, highlighting the potential of pulses and oilseeds to enhance the food security, reduce poverty, and promote sustainable, climate-resilient agricultural production systems in the region. Copyright © 2025 Kumar, Das, Mondal, Upadhyay, Bhatt, Mishra, Singh, Choudhary, Kumar, Sundaram, Biswas, Rathore, Singh, Parameswari, Singh, Kumar, Ahmad, Saurabh, Shubha, Kumar, Manibhushan, Jeet, Prakash, Jha, Naik, Mali, Kumar, Ahirwal, Singh, Mandal, Roy, Choudhary, Rajpoot and Chaudhari.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1502759
dc.identifier.issn2571581X
dc.identifier.urihttps://dl.bhu.ac.in/ir/handle/123456789/113531
dc.publisherFrontiers Media SA
dc.subjectcrop diversification
dc.subjectcropping intensification
dc.subjectintegrated crop management
dc.subjectoilseeds
dc.subjectpulses
dc.subjectrice-fallow
dc.titleGreening rice-fallow areas: integrating pulses and oilseeds for sustainable cropping in eastern India
dc.typeReview
dspace.entity.typePublication
journal.titleFrontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
journalvolume.identifier.volume9

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