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Spatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach

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dc.contributor.authorGupta, Deepak
dc.contributor.authorKumar Ranjan, Rajesh
dc.contributor.authorParthasarathy, Purushothaman
dc.contributor.authorAnsari, Afroz
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-30T06:03:33Z
dc.date.available2025-01-30T06:03:33Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThis study was performed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of major ions in water samples of a newly designated Ramsar site, namely Kabar Tal (KT) wetland of Bihar. Samples were collected during summer, monsoon, and winter seasons. The analytical and GIS results show that concentration of electrical conductivity, chloride, and nitrate are higher in summer than monsoon and winter. However, the concentration of major cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are higher in winter than monsoon and summer. In addition, major anions like sulphate and phosphate concentration is higher during monsoon than summer and winter. Multivariate statistical tool (discriminant analysis) results suggest that temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, sulphate, and potassium are the major parameters distinguishing the water quality in different seasons. The study confirms that seasonal variations are playing a major role in the hydrochemistry of KT wetland. Overall, this work outlines the approach towards proper conservation and utilization of wetlands and to assess the quality of surface water for determining its suitability for agricultural purposes. Overall, this work highlights the approach towards estimating the seasonal dynamics of chemical species in KT wetland and its suitability for irrigation purposes. � 2021 The Authors Water Science & Technology
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.115
dc.identifier.issn2731223
dc.identifier.urihttps://dl.bhu.ac.in/ir/handle/123456789/25097
dc.publisherIWA Publishing
dc.subjectGIS
dc.subjectHydrochemistry
dc.subjectKabar Tal
dc.subjectMultivariate
dc.subjectRamsar site
dc.subjectWetland
dc.titleSpatial and seasonal variability in the water chemistry of Kabar Tal wetland (Ramsar site), Bihar, India: multivariate statistical techniques and GIS approach
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
journal.titleWater Science and Technology
journalvolume.identifier.volume83

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