The status of sanitation and water supply under Jnnurm in Uttar Pradesh: a case study of Allahabad, Lucknow and Varanasi
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Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Department of Political Science
Abstract
Cities are the hubs of much of national production (they contribute 56 per cent of India's GDP) and
consumption, economic and social processes that generate wealth and opportunity. But they also
create disease, crime, pollution, poverty and social unrest. Never before in history has the world
witnessed such a rapid growth of urbanization. No doubt migration is largely responsible. This
applies equally to India. We have already added 65 million persons to our urban population in the
decade of the '90s alone. We are having nearly fifty per cent of India living in our cities by the
beginning of this century. The lack of substantial new investments mean that existing
infrastructure is outdated, inefficient and highly stressed, leading to high degrees of unaccounted
supply for water and poor sanitation. Limited metering and efficiency incentives, unviable pricing
(does not even cover O&M costs), poor revenue recovery rates, high unfulfilled investment needs
lead to inadequate service coverage; unreliable and poor quality service provision. Commercially
unviable urban local bodies mean that fresh investments by external agencies and the private sector
will not be forthcoming. Keeping this in view the United Progressive Alliance (U.P.A.)
Government launched Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) in 2005.
The programme is based on the premise that for cities to work, it is essential to create incentives
and support urban reforms at the city level, develop appropriate enabling frameworks, enhances
the creditworthiness of municipal governments and integrates service delivery system.
Description
Major Research Project
Keywords
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission, Urban development