2009
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PublicationBook Chapter Nutraceuticals of antiquity(CRC Press, 2009) Vimal Patel; Paul Wilson; Ram H. SinghThe physical body is the product of diet and sensory inputs (i.e., lifestyle). Similarly, all ailments are the product of faulty dietetics and lifestyle. Wholesome and unwholesome diets and lifestyles are fundamentals of health and disease. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.PublicationBook Chapter Tropical circulation indices and performances of Indian summer monsoon rainfall(World Scientific Publishing Co., 2009) G.P. Singh; Jai-Ho Oh; S.N. Pandey; R. BhatlaThe interannual relationships between the summer monsoon rainfall over all India (AIR), northwest India (NWR), and peninsular India (PIR), and seven different tropical circulation indices (TCIs) (based on mean sea level pressure) over five selected tropical stations, three over the Indian Ocean namely Agalega (A), Cocos Island (C), Il-Nouvelle (I), and two over the land stations namely New Delhi (N) and Malacol (M) have been examined for 30 years’ period (1953-1982). The names of the indices are (i) TCI (A-M), (ii) TCI (A-N), (iii) TCI (A-C), (iv) TCI (C-M), (v) TCI (C-N), (vi) TCI (I-N), and (vii) TCI (I-M). The results indicate that significant strong and inverse relationships exist between (a) TCI (C-M) of concurrent August and AIR, NWR, and PIR, (b) TCI (C-N) of antecedent February and AIR, NWR, and PIR and (c) TCI (I-N) of antecedent May shows significant and direct association with AIR and PIR. Stability analysis of different TCIs shows that TCI (C-M) of concurrent August and TCI (C-N) of antecedent February show consistently significant relationship over the successive 25 years’ period. © 2009 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved.PublicationBook Chapter MODERN APPROACHES IN FOOD PACKAGING WASTE MANAGEMENT(Apple Academic Press, 2009) Nitya Sharma; Aastha Bhardwaj; Sukirti Joshi; J.K. Sahu; Sana FatmaDue to the current state of eco-pollution produced by plastic packaging wastes that are usually found contaminating soils and fresh water, it is critical to develop a long-term solution, particularly for the food industry. As previously said, packaging wastes from foods makes about two-thirds of total volume of the packaging wastes, which is driven by a variety of factors such as rising economies, new products, public perception changes, consumerism, increases in income, population growth, and so on. Therefore, methods of treating and processing of food packaging wastes must be relooked to understand the environmental, economic, and social ramifications involved with food packaging waste management. Source reduction, recycling, composting, burning, and landfilling are all part of the traditional integrated waste management method. Although just by altering the process design of these conventional food packaging waste treatment methods, yet various modern green waste management approaches are now being developed. Therefore, this chapter presents system of waste generation in the sector of food and then provides an insight on the conventional as well as modern food packaging waste management approaches, finally giving a detailed comparison thereof. Additionally, the goal of this chapter would be to widen understanding of packaging waste treatment techniques in the food sector. © 2024 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.PublicationBook Chapter Mispredicated identity and postcolonial discourse(Springer Netherlands, 2009) Bibhuti S. YadavKey to the postcolonial discourse is an interpretation of the relation of identity and difference in which the terms of the relation are construed in a geocultural sense. The West is colonial in the sense that it silences difference in defence of its singular identity and eschatological economy. The postcolonial discourse has an assumption and an aim. It assumes that the modern, Western conception of knowledge is of an instrument for materialising a pre-determined end. Knowledge in Western hands is not descriptive, not a picture of how things are in themselves. It rather is a utilitarian tool with which the West establishes epistemic and ethical hegemony, and appropriates to itself the singular agency of global salvation. The European self is driven by a jealous cogito, one that reiterates its uniqueness and the concomitant dualism of the West and the rest. It is an entity that has ontological autonomy and it constitutes the boundary of thought. The Western singularity is intolerant of difference. It imagines difference in contrast to its identity, denies cognitive and ethical agency to the non-West, and reduces the civilizational other to a knowable object that can then be represented in discourse. Thus, Western colonialism entails dualism of the Orientalist sort. "Orientalism", said Edward Said, "is a style of thought that is based upon ontological and epistemological distinction between the Orient and the Occident" (Said 1978: 2). West is West, East is East. The latter is an inert object and must be silent, the former is a self-conscious subject and it alone can speak. Either there is the singular agency of the West and a singular, Western discourse on global ethos; or there is no We s t, no unifying categories of thought, and no human world. The sovereignty of either/or logic is total. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.PublicationBook Chapter Writing the results(Wolters Kluwer Health Adis (ESP), 2009) Shripad B. Deshpande[No abstract available]PublicationBook Chapter Effect of abiotic stresses on growth, metabolic alterations and tolerance mechanisms in rice crop(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2009) Pallavi Sharma; Ambuj Bhushan Jha; R.S. DubeyRice is a staple food crop for the majority of world population. Abiotic stressful conditions of the environment such as salinity, drought, heat, chilling, anaerobiosis, metal toxicity impose limitations on productivity of rice in the regions which are prone to such constraints. The manifestations of these stresses include non-expression of full genetic potential, differential transcription of many genes, induction of stress responsive genes leading to cellular metabolic changes, alteration in activity behaviours of many enzymes, overproduction of several compatible metabolites like amino acids, sugars, polyamines, phytochelatins, organic acids, increased synthesis of many enzymes and stress specific proteins. Salinity and drought are prime stressful conditions for rice crop in arid and semi arid regions of the world. Changes in temperature rhythm impose heat or chilling injury. Soil flooding or submergence causes oxygen deprivation leading to anaerobic stress. Metal ions such as Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Ni are key pollutants of the soil, whereas Al toxicity is a problem in acid upland soils. Most of the abiotic stresses cause overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell which cause oxidative damage to membranes and biomolecules. Increased accumulation of compatible solutes, overproduction of antioxidative enzymes, overexpression of transcription factors have been shown to confer tolerance in rice plants to a wide range of stresses like salinity, drought and low temperature. Stress induced gene products those involved in stress tolerance and those involved in signal transduction or as transcription regulators have served as basis to engineer stress tolerant plants. To contribute to food security and sustainability in rice production, it is essential to produce stress tolerant rice plants suitable for cultivation in stress prone areas. This needs a detail understanding of physiological and molecular mechanisms associated with stress tolerance more specially gene products involved in stress tolerance and signal transduction. Transcriptome profiling of rice seedlings has helped in great way in understanding how rice plants respond to abiotic stresses. Successful attempts have been made to produce transgenic rice plants tolerant to different abiotic stresses. However, with the rapid progress in the areas of functional genomics, proteomics and metabolomics a more improved understanding of novel stress responsive genes and their expression under various stresses is anticipated which will provide the basis of new strategies to produce genetically engineered rice plants tolerant to a single or multiple of abiotic stresses. © 2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.