Browsing by Author "Sharma B."
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Item Artificial intelligence applications for clinical decisions support(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2024) Sharma B.; Negi R.; Yadav A.; Sharma Y.; Chaturvedi V.K.Clinical decision support (CDS) systems represent a groundbreaking advancement inhealthcare, fundamentally changing how clinicians make critical decisions by offeringevidence-based guidance and knowledge directly at the point of care. By seamlesslyintegrating with electronic health record (EHR) systems, these platforms harnessextensive patient data, medical literature, and best practice guidelines, empoweringclinicians with the insights needed for informed decision-making. Through sophisticatedanalysis of large datasets, CDS systems uncover nuanced patterns and insights thatenable early intervention and optimize resource allocation, thereby enhancing patientcare outcomes. Despite the transformative potential of CDS, concerns persist regardingalgorithm bias, data privacy, and stakeholder engagement, necessitating careful consideration and ongoing refinement. Case studies underscore the tangible impact of CDS,demonstrating its ability to enhance adherence to clinical standards, reduce hospitalreadmissions, and elevate patient satisfaction levels. Furthermore, the integration of AItechnologies bolsters the capabilities of CDS systems across various domains, includingmedical imaging analysis, virtual patient care, medication safety assurance, diagnosticsupport, medical research facilitation, and rehabilitation. Administrative applications ofAI within CDS systems streamline essential tasks such as claims processing and clinicaldocumentation, driving operational efficiency and alleviating administrative burdens onhealthcare professionals. In summary, CDS systems play a pivotal role in revolutionizinghealthcare delivery by equipping clinicians with actionable insights, improving clinicaldecision-making, and ultimately leading to better patient outcomes. � IOP Publishing Ltd 2024. All rights reserved.Item Biodiversity and biotechnological applications of rhizomicrobiome for agricultural, environmental and industrial sustainability(Elsevier, 2024) Kour D.; Kaur S.; Kaur T.; Sharma B.; Negi R.; Khan S.S.; Sheikh I.; Maithani D.; Kour H.; Ramniwas S.; Rustagi S.; Yadav A.; Thakur N.; Yadav A.N.; Ahluwalia A.S.A century of incremental research along with the technological advances and need for sustainable agricultural practices, the study of beneficial rhizomicrobiomes has increased. Rhizomicrobiomes have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. These plant associated microbiomes play a major role in plant growth promotion by direct and indirect mechanisms and are generally referred to as plant growth promoting microbes. Plant growth promoting microbes also act as the stress alleviators for plants by increasing the accumulation of the osmolytes, reducing the inhibitory ethylene concentrations and producing reactive oxygen species scavengers. These beneficial microbes can be applied to the plants as biofertilizers and biopesticides to reduce the use of the harmful chemicals as well as for the amelioration of abiotic stresses. The present chapter describes the functional diversity of the rhizomicrobiomes, their agricultural and environmental applications further highlighting their role in industrial sector. � 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Biodiversity, mechanisms, and potential biotechnological applications of minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes: A review(Open Science Publishers LLP Inc., 2024) Devi R.; Kaur T.; Negi R.; Sharma B.; Chowdhury S.; Kapoor M.; Singh S.; Rustagi S.; Shreaz S.; Rai P.K.; Rai A.K.; Yadav A.; Kour D.; Yadav A.N.The earth�s surface consists of arid, semi-arid, and hyper-arid lands, where life is profoundly challenged by harsh conditions such as temperature fluctuations, water scarcity, high levels of solar radiations, and soil salinity. The harsh environmental conditions pose serious consequences on plant survival, growth, and productivity accessibility of nutrients reduces. To cope with the harsh environments and increase plant productivity, an extremophilic microbe has attracted agriculturists and environmentalists. The extremophilic microbes, adapted to extreme environmental conditions, offer an unexploited reservoir for biofertilizers, which could provide various forms of nutrients and alleviate the stress caused by the abiotic factors in an environment friendly manner. Worldwide, minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes are distributed in various hotspots and belong to three domains of life including, archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. The minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes belongs to diverse phyla, namely, Ascomycota, Actinobacteria, Basidiomycota, Bacteroidetes, Crenarchaeota, Deinococcus-Thermus, Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Mineral solubilizing extremophilic microbes achieve the mineral solubilization of phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and selenium by secreting special compounds such as organic acid, exopolysaccharides, and different enzymes. Consequently, extremophilic microbes are becoming increasingly important in agriculture, industries and environmental biotechnology as well, paving the way for novel sequencing technologies and �metaomics� methods, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics. The extremophilic microbial diversity and their biotechnological application in agriculture and industrial applications will be a milestone for future needs. The present review deals with biodiversity, mechanisms and potential biotechnological applications of minerals solubilizing extremophilic microbes. � 2024 Rubee Devi, et al.Item Biophysical and in-silico studies on the structure-function relationship of Brugia malayi protein disulfide isomerase(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Doharey P.K.; Verma P.; Dubey A.; Singh S.K.; Kumar M.; Tripathi T.; Alonazi M.; Siddiqi N.J.; Sharma B.Human Lymphatic filariasis is caused by parasitic nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a redox-active enzyme, helps to form and isomerize the disulfide bonds, thereby acting as a chaperone. Such activity is essential for activating many essential enzymes and functional proteins. Brugia malayi protein disulfide isomerase (BmPDI) is crucial for parasite survival and an important drug target. Here, we used a combination of spectroscopic and computational analysis to study the structural and functional changes in the BmPDI during unfolding. Tryptophan fluorescence data revealed two well-separated transitions during the unfolding process, suggesting that the unfolding of the BmPDI is non-cooperative. The binding of the fluorescence probe 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid dye (ANS) validated the results obtained by the pH unfolding. The dynamics of molecular simulation performed at different pH conditions revealed the structural basis of BmPDI unfolding. Detailed analysis suggested that under different pH, both the global structure and the conformational dynamics of the active site residues were differentially altered. Our multiparametric study reveals the differential dynamics and collective motions of BmPDI unfolding, providing insights into its structure-function relationship. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. � 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Item Bioremediation of metal-contaminated soil: comparison of microbial agents with plants(Elsevier, 2024) Sharma B.; Dwivedi P.An increase in human activities like sewage discharge, mining operations, modern agricultural practices, industrialization, and runoffs from metal-refining industries led to the enhancement of the contamination in the natural environment. Cadmium is extensive in the natural environment. It is a nonessential element toxicity which imparts adverse effects on root growth, morphological attributes, growth retardation, impaired photosynthesis, changed stomatal movements, enzymatic activities, metabolic activities, and membrane functioning. Metal-contaminated soils are unsuitable for agricultural purposes; remediation of these soils is necessary. Mycoremediation (fungal-mediated remediation) is a form of bioremediation that imparts the potential utilization of fungal biomass, extracellular enzymes, and fugal metabolism to alleviate environmental and agricultural land pollutants. The fungal species which have possible remediation strategies include Aspergillus niger, Aureobasidium pullulans, Circinella sp., Mucor sp., Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Pleurotus ostreatus, Cladosporium, and many more. They utilize the processes of biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and bioleaching to survive in a contaminated environment. Although the detailed knowledge of the genetic mechanism of fungal species and their functioning is yet to be understood, biotechnological tools such as genetic engineering, gene editing, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and system biology can significantly enhance our knowledge and understanding of various approaches toward the role of fungal genera in remediation measures of heavy metals and contaminants, improving soil health, its role in the environment, and the plants. This chapter covers various aspects of micro-remediation, mycoremediation influencing cadmium removal from the environment, the progression of modern bioremediation techniques, and different elements of cadmium contamination research. � 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.Item Effect of indigenous mineral availing microbial consortia and cattle manure combination for growth of maize (Zea mays L.)(Springer, 2024) Devi R.; Alsaffar M.F.; AL-Taey D.K.A.; Kumar S.; Negi R.; Sharma B.; Singh S.; Rai A.K.; Rustagi S.; Yadav A.; Kaur T.; Kour D.; Yadav A.N.; Ahluwalia A.S.Plant growth promoting bacterial strains were used as bioinoculants on cereal crops to improve plant growth and plant productivity. Crop responses to inoculation are complex because bacteria are not compatible with each other. Therefore, it is necessary to increase our understanding of the microbial ecology of crop rhizosphere under various agricultural techniques. In tropical agriculture, cattle manure is used as an organic fertilizer to increase soil fertility, however use of microbes as consortium have found as sustainable method for the enhancement of crops productivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three potential plant growth-promoting rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial strains EU-C3ST.R1, IARI-JR-44, and IARI-S-45 and organic fertilizers (cattle manure) individually and as consortia on maize (Zea mays L.) under both in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. A total of 123 bacterial strains were sorted out and screened for nitrogen fixation, phosphorus, and potassium solubilization. The potential N2-fixing; P and K solubilizing bacterial strains were identified using 16�S rRNA gene sequencing as Pseudomonas sp. EU-C3ST.R1, Micrococcus indicus IARI-JR-44, and Bacillus horikoshii IARI-S-45 respectively. The inoculation of these three strains on maize as microbial consortium and individual inoculum significantly increased the growth characteristic including height and biomass of the plants, as well as physiological characteristics i.e., chlorophyll, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and total soluble sugar content of the plant with respect to chemical fertilizers, cattle manure, and untreated control plant. The consortia were found to be more effective with respect to individual inoculants, cattle manure, and uninoculated control plants, so it can be utilized as biofertilizers for inoculation of cereal crops growing in hilly regions. � The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Society for Plant Research 2024.Item Microbes Mediated Nutrient Dynamics for Plant Growth Promotion: Current Research and Future Challenges(Springer, 2024) Devi R.; Kaur T.; Negi R.; Sharma B.; Kumar S.; Singh S.; Rai A.K.; Rustagi S.; Yadav A.; Kumar A.; Kour D.; Yadav A.N.On earth, soil is one of the most essential parts of nature which plays critical roles in plant growth, water flow, waste products recycling and provides habitats to various organisms. Soil is the combination of organic matter, air, water minerals, and sixteen different essential nutrient elements which are categorized into primary macronutrients, secondary macronutrients, and micronutrients. The nutrients elements present in soil either in organic forms or organic forms interchanged by the various microbial mechanisms such including fixation, chelation and solubilization. The microbes from all three domain i.e., archaea, bacteria, and eukarya have been reported for exhibiting the various mechanisms and strain belonging to genera Arthrobacter, Burkholderia, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Natrinema, and Serratia are widely known for ruling the nutrients dynamics. The microbes playing role in nutrients dynamics, have great economic importance in agriculture sector as agriculturist is in pressure of producing high quality and quantity of food along with managing the sustainability. These microbes could solve agricultural problems such as soil degradation and environmental pollution by using them as bio-fertilizer over chemical-based products. A huge number of reports have supported such statements so, the purpose of the present review aims to complies microbial role in all category nutrients dynamics and their role in plant growth promotion. � Association of Microbiologists of India 2024.Item Nanomedicines in liver fibrosis(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2024) Tiwari S.; Sharma B.; Deka J.; Singh P.; Chatruvedi V.K.Chronic infection of liver cells causes scarring on liver tissue, resulting in LiverFibrosis (LF), which is now a major global health concern. Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B,and alcohol abuse are the leading causes of liver damage, which results in thedeposition of Extracellular cell matrix (ECM) and liver fibrosis. Ultrasonography andmagnetic resonance imaging are commonly used as non-invasive diagnostic methodsfor hepatic fibrosis. The conventional therapy used to treat liver diseases is ineffectivebecause it does not deliver a sufficient amount of drug concentration in the liver and isimprecise. Several clinical and preclinical Study has shown that the utilisation ofnanotechnology to deliver therapeutic agents including drug molecules, and nucleicacids, in adequate amount and to target specifically the HSC (hepatic stellate cells)could be the future treatment to cure Liver diseases caused by LF. According toresearch, nanomedicines can reverse premature hepatic fibrosis. Many nanoparticulate systems (NPs) such as Liposomes, Inorganic NPs, and Nano-micelles have beenstudied because of their diverse properties for drug delivery and in addition to sometherapeutic moieties. Out of these, Liposomal NPs have shown very promising resultsin clinical trials and are being considered as an extremity for the treatment of hepaticfibrosis. This book chapter discusses the causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and nanoparticulate systems used in the treatment of chronic liver diseases. � IOP Publishing Ltd 2024. All rights reserved.Item Plant endophytes: unveiling hidden applications toward agro-environment sustainability(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Negi R.; Sharma B.; Kumar S.; Chaubey K.K.; Kaur T.; Devi R.; Yadav A.; Kour D.; Yadav A.N.Endophytic microbes are plant-associated microorganisms that reside in the interior tissue of plants without causing damage to the host plant. Endophytic microbes can boost the availability of nutrient for plant by using a variety of mechanisms such as fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphorus, potassium, and zinc, and producing siderophores, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, and phytohormones that help plant for growth and protection against various abiotic and biotic stresses. The microbial endophytes have attained the mechanism of producing various hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulase, pectinase, xylanase, amylase, gelatinase, and bioactive compounds for plant growth promotion and protection. The efficient plant growth promoting endophytic microbes could be used as an alternative of chemical fertilizers for agro-environmental sustainability. Endophytic microbes belong to different phyla including Euryarchaeota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mucoromycota, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The most pre-dominant group of bacteria belongs to Proteobacteria including ?-, ?-, ?-, and ?-Proteobacteria. The least diversity of the endophytic microbes have been revealed from�Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, and Acidobacteria. Among reported genera, Achromobacter, Burkholderia, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Herbaspirillum, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Rhizobium, and Streptomyces were dominant in most host plants. The present review deals with plant endophytic diversity, mechanisms of plant growth promotion, protection, and their role for agro-environmental sustainability. In the future, application of endophytic microbes have potential role in enhancement of crop productivity and maintaining the soil health in sustainable manner. � Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i. 2023.Item Potential effect of novel endophytic nitrogen fixing diverse species of Rahnella on growth promotion of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)(Springer, 2024) Rana K.L.; Negi R.; Sharma B.; Yadav A.; Devi R.; Kaur T.; Shreaz S.; Rustagi S.; Rai A.K.; Singh S.; Kour D.; Yadav A.N.The present investigation aims to isolate nitrogen fixing endophytic bacteria from cereals crops and their potential role in plant growth promotion of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for sustainable growth. In the present investigation, endophytic bacteria were isolated from different cereal crops growing in the Divine Valley of Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India and isolates were screened for nitrogen fixation. The nitrogenase activity exhibiting bacterial isolates were further screened for other plant growth promoting traits including solubilization of phosphorus, potassium, and zinc; production of indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and extracellular enzyme. The potential nitrogen fixing strains were molecularly identified and evaluated for the growth promotion of wheat. A total of 304 putative endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from wheat, oats, barley, and maize using selective and complex growth media. Among 304 putative endophytic bacteria, 8 isolates exhibits nitrogenase activity. On the basis of nitrogenase activity and other plant promoting traits, two efficient strains i.e. EU-E1ST3.1 and EU-A2RNfb were molecularly identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and found that these strains belongs to genera Rahnella. The wheat inoculated with two selected nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacterial strains showed considerable enhancement in total chlorophyll, nitrogen, Fe and Zn content over the un-inoculated control. In comparison of two selected nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacterial strains, Rahnella aquatilis EU-E1ST3.1 was found to enhance better growth and physiological parameters and it might be developed as biofertilizers to establish a sustainable agriculture system. In the present investigation, the isolated potential nitrogen fixing endophytic bacteria could be used as biofertilizer or bioinoculant for growth of diverse cereal crops growing in hilly region for agricultural sustainability. � The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Korean Society of Crop Science (KSCS) 2024.Item Rhizomicrobiome: Biodiversity and functional annotation for agricultural sustainability(Elsevier, 2024) Khan S.S.; Sharma B.; Negi R.; Kaur S.; Kaur T.; Maithani D.; Sheikh I.; Kour H.; Ramniwas S.; Yadav A.; Kour D.; Thakur N.; Yadav A.N.; Rasool S.; Ahluwalia A.S.The rhizomicrobiome, which consists of a rich and diverse assemblage of microbial organisms, functions analogously to the gut microbiome in the context of the plant genome. This resemblance can be attributed to the presence of microbial communities within the human gut. The habitat in question exhibits exceptional qualities, serving as a refuge for a remarkably diverse microbial community. Even though many studies have revealed the enormous functional versatility of rhizomicrobiome communities, our knowledge of the specific processes underlying the influence of rhizomicrobiome assemblies is still in its infancy. Furthermore, little is understood about the numerous advantageous properties of the rhizomicrobiome. An urgent need arises for a comprehensive and holistic investigation aimed at enhancing our comprehension of the dynamics of microbial communities, specifically the diversity and function of soil microbiomes. This study focuses on exploring this community's diversity and understanding the rhizomicrobiome role as biofertilizers, phytostimulators, stress alleviators, and biocontrol agents. � 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
