Publication: Changes in tropospheric ozone concentration over Indo-Gangetic Plains: the role of meteorological parameters
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer
Abstract
This study seeks to understand and quantify the changes in tropospheric ozone (O3) in lower troposphere (LT), middle troposphere (MT) and upper middle troposphere (UMT) over the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGPs), India during the COVID-19 lockdown 2020 with that of pre-lockdown 2019. The gridded datasets of ozone from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis product, ERA5 in combination with statistical interpolated (IDWs) surface NO2 observations, present a consistent picture and indicate a significant tropospheric ozone enhancement over IGP during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in May 2020. The�Paper also examines the influencing role of meteorological parameters on increasing ozone concentration. Over LT, an increase in O3 concentration (23%) is observed and in MT to UMT an enhancement of about 9�18% in O3 concentration have been seen during May 2020 with respect to May 2019. An investigation on causes�of�increasing ozone concentration (35�85�ppbv) from MT to UMT during May 2020 reveals that there was significant rise (by 1�6%) in low cloud cover (LCC). Notably, higher LCC increases the backscattering of upward solar radiation from the top of the�atmosphere. A positive difference of 5�25�W/m2 in upward solar radiation (USR) is observed across the entire study region. The�result suggests that higher LCC significantly contributed to the enhanced USR. Thereby, resulting in higher photolysis rate�that lead to an increase in mid tropospheric ozone concentration during May 2020. The results highlight the importance of LCC as an�important pathway in ozone formation and aid in scientific understanding of it. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.