Emerging 3D nanomaterials as electrocatalysts for water splitting reactions
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Date
2024
Journal Title
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
Electrochemical water splitting is an ideal alternative to obtain hydrogen, which is a renewable and clean source of energy with a high calorific value. Designing a highly stable and affordable catalyst is a critical need for achieving the desired electrocatalytic efficacy. Three-dimensional (3D) nanomaterials (NMs) have a hierarchical or interconnected network or framework-like structure with commendable mechanical stability. They possess large surface area and electroactive sites, which have garnered immense scientific interest in the past few years. Different 3D NMs that have been used for electrocatalysis of water are the central focus of this review. There are only a handful of reports discussing them in the literature, but none of them comprehensively cover various 3D NMs as water-splitting catalysts. In addition, the basic concepts of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as well as various metrics affecting water splitting kinetics, have been highlighted in detail. In the end, hurdles in the design and commercialization of highly stable water-splitting catalysts and their possible remedies have been discussed along with. � 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
Description
Keywords
3D nanomaterials, Electrocatalysts, HER, OER, Overpotential, Water splitting