Bioremediation of metal-contaminated soil: comparison of microbial agents with plants

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dc.contributor.authorSharma B.
dc.contributor.authorDwivedi P.
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-13T07:08:17Z
dc.date.available2025-01-13T07:08:17Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractAn increase in human activities like sewage discharge, mining operations, modern agricultural practices, industrialization, and runoffs from metal-refining industries led to the enhancement of the contamination in the natural environment. Cadmium is extensive in the natural environment. It is a nonessential element toxicity which imparts adverse effects on root growth, morphological attributes, growth retardation, impaired photosynthesis, changed stomatal movements, enzymatic activities, metabolic activities, and membrane functioning. Metal-contaminated soils are unsuitable for agricultural purposes; remediation of these soils is necessary. Mycoremediation (fungal-mediated remediation) is a form of bioremediation that imparts the potential utilization of fungal biomass, extracellular enzymes, and fugal metabolism to alleviate environmental and agricultural land pollutants. The fungal species which have possible remediation strategies include Aspergillus niger, Aureobasidium pullulans, Circinella sp., Mucor sp., Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Pleurotus ostreatus, Cladosporium, and many more. They utilize the processes of biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and bioleaching to survive in a contaminated environment. Although the detailed knowledge of the genetic mechanism of fungal species and their functioning is yet to be understood, biotechnological tools such as genetic engineering, gene editing, metagenomics, transcriptomics, and system biology can significantly enhance our knowledge and understanding of various approaches toward the role of fungal genera in remediation measures of heavy metals and contaminants, improving soil health, its role in the environment, and the plants. This chapter covers various aspects of micro-remediation, mycoremediation influencing cadmium removal from the environment, the progression of modern bioremediation techniques, and different elements of cadmium contamination research. � 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/B978-0-443-13993-2.00014-1
dc.identifier.isbn978-044313993-2; 978-044313994-9
dc.identifier.urihttps://dl.bhu.ac.in/ir/handle/123456789/3156
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.subjectbiology
dc.subjectfungi
dc.subjectHeavy metal
dc.subjectno poverty
dc.subjectpollution
dc.subjectremediation
dc.subjecttool
dc.subjectzero hunger
dc.titleBioremediation of metal-contaminated soil: comparison of microbial agents with plants
dc.typeBook chapter
journal.titleBioremediation of Emerging Contaminants from Soils: Soil Health Conservation for Improved Ecology and Food Security

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